Document

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

SCHEDULE 14A

Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the

Securities Exchange Act of 1934

(Amendment No. )

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☐ Preliminary Proxy Statement

☐ Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))

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☐ Soliciting Material Under Rule 14a-12

Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

(Name of Registrant as Specified In Its Charter)

(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if other than the Registrant)

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Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

255 State Street, 9th Floor

Boston, Massachusetts 02109

June 14, 2018

To Our Stockholders:

You are cordially invited to attend the 2018 annual meeting of stockholders of Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. to be held at 8:00 a.m. EDT on Tuesday, July 24, 2018 at Convene at 201 Washington Street, 2^nd Floor, Boston, MA 02108.

Details regarding the meeting, the business to be conducted at the meeting, and information about Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. that you should consider when you vote your shares are described in this proxy statement.

At the annual meeting, two people will be elected to our Board of Directors. In addition, we will ask stockholders to (i) approve our 2018 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan, (ii) approve our 2018 Employee, Stock Purchase Plan and (iii) ratify the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2018. The Board of Directors recommends the election of the two nominees for director and approval of each of the other proposals. Such other business will be transacted as may properly come before the annual meeting.

Under Securities and Exchange Commission rules that allow companies to furnish proxy materials to stockholders over the Internet, we have elected to deliver our proxy materials to our stockholders over the Internet. This delivery process allows us to provide stockholders with the information they need, while at the same time conserving natural resources and lowering the cost of delivery. On or about June 14, 2018, we began sending to our stockholders a Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials (the “Notice”) containing instructions on how to access our proxy statement for our 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and our 2018 annual report to stockholders. The Notice also provides instructions on how to vote online or by telephone and includes instructions on how to receive a paper copy of the proxy materials by mail.

We hope you will be able to attend the annual meeting. Whether you plan to attend the annual meeting or not, it is important that you cast your vote either in person or by proxy. You may vote over the Internet as well as by telephone or by mail. When you have finished reading the proxy statement, you are urged to vote in accordance with the instructions set forth in this proxy statement. We encourage you to vote by proxy so that your shares will be represented and voted at the meeting, whether or not you can attend.

Thank you for your continued support of Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. We look forward to seeing you at the annual meeting.

Sincerely,

Stephen S. Yoder

President and Chief Executive Officer

Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

255 State Street, 9th Floor

Boston, Massachusetts 02109

June 14, 2018

NOTICE OF 2018 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS

TIME: 8:00 a.m., EDT

DATE: July 24, 2018

PLACE: Convene at 201 Washington Street, 2^nd Floor, Boston, MA 02108

PURPOSES:


1.	To elect two directors to serve a three-year term expiring in 2021;


2.	To approve the Company’s 2018 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2018 Plan;


3.	To approve the Company’s 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or the 2018 ESPP;


4.	To ratify the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2018; and


5.	To transact such other business that is properly presented at the annual meeting and any adjournments or postponements thereof.

WHO MAY VOTE:

You may vote if you were the record owner of Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. common stock at the close of business on May 25, 2018. A list of stockholders of record will be available at the annual meeting and, during the 10 days prior to the annual meeting, at our principal executive offices located at 255 State Street, 9th Floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02109.

All stockholders are cordially invited to attend the annual meeting. Whether you plan to attend the annual meeting or not, we urge you to vote by following the instructions in the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials that you previously received and submit your proxy by the Internet, telephone or mail to ensure the presence of a quorum. You may change or revoke your proxy at any time before it is voted at the meeting.

BY ORDER OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Ahmed S. Mousa

Secretary

TABLE OF CONTENTS



IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THE ANNUAL MEETING AND VOTING	3
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT	8
MANAGEMENT AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE	11
EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND DIRECTOR COMPENSATION	18
REPORT OF AUDIT COMMITTEE	26
SECTION 16(a) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING COMPLIANCE	27
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PERSON TRANSACTIONS	28
ELECTION OF DIRECTORS	30
APPROVAL OF THE 2018 EMPLOYEE, DIRECTOR AND CONSULTANT EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN	31
APPROVAL OF THE 2018 EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN	39
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM	43
CODE OF CONDUCT AND ETHICS	45
OTHER MATTERS	45
STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS AND NOMINATIONS FOR DIRECTOR	45

PIERIS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

255 State Street, 9th Floor

Boston, Massachusetts 02109

PROXY STATEMENT FOR PIERIS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

2018 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS TO BE HELD ON JULY 24, 2018

This proxy statement, along with the accompanying notice of 2018 annual meeting of stockholders, contains information about the 2018 annual meeting of stockholders of Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc., including any adjournments or postponements of the annual meeting. We are holding the annual meeting at 8:00 a.m., local time, on Tuesday, July 24, 2018 at Convene at 201 Washington Street, 2^nd Floor, Boston, MA 02108.

In this proxy statement, we refer to Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. as “Pieris,” “the Company,” “we” and “us.”

This proxy statement relates to the solicitation of proxies by our Board of Directors for use at the annual meeting.

We are first distributing this proxy statement and the proxy card, along with our 2017 financial statements, on or about June 14, 2018.

IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING THE AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS FOR THE STOCKHOLDER MEETING TO BE HELD ON JULY 24, 2018

This proxy statement and our 2017 annual report to stockholders are available for viewing, printing and downloading at www.proxyvote.com. To view these materials please have your 16-digit control number(s) available that appears on your Notice or proxy card. On this website, you can also elect to receive future distributions of our proxy statements and annual reports to stockholders by electronic delivery.

Additionally, you can find a copy of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, which includes our financial statements, for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 on the website of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, at www.sec.gov, or in the “SEC Filings” section of the “Investors” section of our website at www.pieris.com. You may also obtain a printed copy of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, including our financial statements, free of charge, from us by sending a written request to: Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 255 State Street, 9th Floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02109, Attn: Corporate Secretary. Exhibits will be provided upon written request and payment of an appropriate processing fee.

IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THE ANNUAL MEETING AND VOTING

Why is the Company Soliciting My Proxy?

The Board of Directors of Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is soliciting your proxy to vote at the 2018 annual meeting of stockholders to be held at Convene at 201 Washington Street, 2^nd Floor, Boston, MA 02108 on Tuesday, July 24, 2018, at 8:00 a.m. local time, and any adjournments of the meeting, which we refer to as the annual meeting. The proxy statement along with the accompanying Notice of Annual Meeting of Stockholders summarizes the purposes of the meeting and the information you need to know to vote at the annual meeting.

We have made available to you on the Internet or have sent you this proxy statement, the Notice of Annual Meeting of Stockholders, the proxy card and a copy of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 because you owned shares of Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. common stock on the record date. The Company intends to commence distribution of the Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials, which we refer to throughout this proxy statement as the Notice, and, if applicable, the proxy materials to stockholders on or about June 14, 2018.

Why Did I Receive a Notice in the Mail Regarding the Internet Availability of Proxy Materials Instead of a Full Set of Proxy Materials?

As permitted by the rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, we may furnish our proxy materials to our stockholders by providing access to such documents on the Internet, rather than mailing printed copies of these materials to each stockholder. Most stockholders will not receive printed copies of the proxy materials unless they request them. We believe that this process should expedite stockholders’ receipt of proxy materials, lower the costs of the annual meeting and help to conserve natural resources. If you received a Notice by mail or electronically, you will not receive a printed or email copy of the proxy materials, unless you request one by following the instructions included in the Notice. Instead, the Notice instructs you as to how you may access and review all of the proxy materials and submit your proxy on the Internet. If you requested a paper copy of the proxy materials, you may authorize the voting of your shares by following the instructions on the proxy card, in addition to the other methods of voting described in this proxy statement.

Who Can Vote?

Only stockholders who owned our common stock at the close of business on May 25, 2018 are entitled to vote at the annual meeting. On this record date, there were 53,989,427 shares of our common stock outstanding and entitled to vote. Our common stock is our only class of voting stock.

You do not need to attend the annual meeting to vote your shares. Shares represented by valid proxies, received in time for the annual meeting and not revoked prior to the annual meeting, will be voted at the annual meeting. For instructions on how to change or revoke your proxy, see “May I Change or Revoke My Proxy?” below.

How Many Votes Do I Have?

Each share of our common stock that you own entitles you to one vote.

How Do I Vote?

Whether you plan to attend the annual meeting or not, we urge you to vote by proxy. All shares represented by valid proxies that we receive through this solicitation, and that are not revoked, will be voted in accordance with your instructions on the proxy card or as instructed via Internet, mail or telephone. You may specify whether your shares should be voted for or withheld for each nominee for director, and whether your shares should be voted for, against or abstain with respect to the other proposals. If you properly submit a proxy without giving specific voting instructions, your shares will be voted in accordance with the Board’s recommendations as noted below. Voting by proxy will not affect your right to attend the annual meeting. If your shares are registered directly in your name through our stock transfer agent, Computershare, or you have stock certificates registered in your name, you may vote:


•	By Internet: Follow the instructions included in the Notice or the proxy card to vote by Internet.


•	By telephone: Follow the instructions in the proxy card to vote by telephone.


•	By mail: If you received a proxy card by mail, you can vote by mail by completing, signing, dating and returning the proxy card as instructed on the card. If you sign the proxy card but do not specify how you want your shares voted, they will be voted in accordance with the Board’s recommendations as noted below.


•	In person at the meeting: If you attend the meeting, you may deliver a completed proxy card in person or you may vote by completing a ballot, which will be available at the meeting.

Telephone and Internet voting facilities for stockholders of record will be available 24 hours a day and will close at 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on July 23, 2018.

If your shares are held in “street name” (held in the name of a bank, broker or other holder of record), you will receive instructions from the holder of record. You must follow the instructions of the holder of record for your shares to be voted. Telephone and Internet voting also will be offered to stockholders owning shares through certain banks and brokers. If your shares are not registered in your own name and you plan to vote your shares in person at the annual meeting, you should contact your broker or agent to obtain a legal proxy or broker’s proxy card and bring it to the annual meeting to vote.

How Does the Board of Directors Recommend that I Vote on the Proposals?

The Board of Directors recommends that you vote as follows:


•	“FOR” the election of the nominees for director;


•	“FOR” the approval of the 2018 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan;


•	“FOR” the approval of the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan; and


•	“FOR” the ratification of the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2018.

If any other matter is presented at the annual meeting, your proxy provides that your shares will be voted by the proxy holder listed in the proxy in accordance with his best judgment. At the time this proxy statement was first made available, we knew of no matters that needed to be acted on at the annual meeting, other than those discussed in this proxy statement.

May I Change or Revoke My Proxy?

If you give us your proxy, you may change or revoke it at any time before the annual meeting. You may change or revoke your proxy in any one of the following ways:


•	if you received a proxy card, by signing a new proxy card with a date later than your previously delivered proxy and submitting it as instructed above;


•	by re-voting by Internet or by telephone as instructed above;


•	by notifying Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc.’s Secretary in writing before the annual meeting that you have revoked your proxy; or


•	by attending the annual meeting in person and voting in person. Attending the annual meeting in person will not in and of itself revoke a previously submitted proxy. You must specifically request at the annual meeting that it be revoked.

Your most current vote, whether by telephone, Internet, proxy card, or ballot is the one that will be counted.

What if I Receive More Than One Notice or Proxy Card?

You may receive more than one Notice or proxy card if you hold shares of our common stock in more than one account, which may be in registered form or held in street name. Please vote in the manner described above under “How Do I Vote?” for each account to ensure that all your shares are voted.

Will My Shares be Voted if I Do Not Vote?

If your shares are registered in your name or if you have stock certificates, they will not be counted if you do not vote as described above under “How Do I Vote?” If your shares are held in street name and you do not provide voting instructions to the bank, broker or other nominee that holds your shares as described above, the bank, broker or other nominee that holds your shares has the authority to vote your unvoted shares only on the ratification of the appointment of our independent registered public accounting firm (Proposal 3 of this proxy statement) without receiving instructions from you. Therefore, we encourage you to provide voting instructions to your bank, broker or other nominee. This ensures your shares will be voted at the annual meeting and in the manner you desire. A “broker non-vote” will occur if your broker cannot vote your shares on a matter because it has not received instructions from you and does not have discretionary voting authority on that matter or because your broker chooses not to vote on a matter for which it does have discretionary voting authority.

What Vote is Required to Approve Each Proposal and How are Votes Counted?



Proposal 1: Elect Directors	The two nominees for director who receive the most votes (also known as a “plurality” of the votes cast) will be elected. You may vote either FOR all the nominees, WITHHOLD your vote from all the nominees or WITHHOLD your vote from any one or more of the nominees. Votes that are withheld will not be included in the vote tally for the election of the directors. Brokerage firms do not have authority to vote customers’ unvoted shares held by the firms in street name for the election of the directors. As a result, any shares not voted by a customer will be treated as a broker non-vote. Such broker non-votes, as well as abstentions, will be counted as present for purposes of determining the presence of a quorum, but will have no effect on the results of this vote.
Proposal 2: Approval of the 2018 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan	The affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast, either affirmatively or negatively, at a meeting at which a quorum is present, is required to approve the 2018 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan. Brokerage firms do not have authority to vote customers’ unvoted shares held by the firms in street name on this proposal. As a result, any shares not voted by a customer “FOR” this proposal, will be treated as a broker non-vote. Such broker non-votes, as well as abstentions, will be counted as present for purposes of determining the presence of a quorum, but will have no effect on the results of this vote.
Proposal 3: Approval of the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan	The affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast, either affirmatively or negatively, at a meeting at which a quorum is present, is required to approve the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Brokerage firms do not have authority to vote customers’ unvoted shares held by the firms in street name on this proposal. As a result, any shares not voted by a customer “FOR” this proposal, will be treated as a broker non-vote. Such broker non-votes, as well as abstentions, will be counted as present for purposes of determining the presence of a quorum, but will have no effect on the results of this vote.
Proposal 4: Ratify Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm	The affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast, either affirmatively or negatively, at a meeting at which a quorum is present, is required to ratify the appointment of our independent registered public accounting firm. Brokerage firms have authority to vote customers’ unvoted shares held by the firms in street name on this proposal. If a broker does not exercise this authority, such broker non-votes, as well as abstentions, will be counted as present for purposes of determining the presence of a quorum, but will have no effect on the results of this vote. We are not required to obtain the approval of our stockholders to select our independent registered public accounting firm. However, if our stockholders do not ratify the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for 2018, the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors will reconsider its appointment.

Is Voting Confidential?

We will keep all the proxies, ballots and voting tabulations private. We only let our Inspectors of Election, a representative of Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C. and a representative of Computershare Trust Company, N.A., our transfer agent, examine these documents. Management will not know how you voted on a specific proposal unless it is necessary to meet legal requirements. We will, however, forward to management any written comments you make on the proxy card or otherwise provide.

Where Can I Find the Voting Results of the Annual Meeting?

The preliminary voting results will be announced at the annual meeting, and we will publish preliminary, or final results if available, in a Current Report on Form 8-K within four business days of the annual meeting. If final results are unavailable at the time we file the Form 8-K, then we will file an amended report on Form 8-K to disclose the final voting results within four business days after the final voting results are known.

What Are the Costs of Soliciting these Proxies?

We will pay all the costs of soliciting these proxies. Our directors and employees may solicit proxies in person or by telephone, fax or email. We will pay these employees and directors no additional compensation for these services. We will ask banks, brokers and other institutions, nominees and fiduciaries to forward these proxy materials to their principals and to obtain authority to execute proxies. We will then reimburse them for their expenses.

We have engaged The Proxy Advisory Group, LLC to assist in the solicitation of proxies and provide related advice and informational support, for a services fee and the reimbursement of customary disbursements, which are not expected to exceed $15,000 in total.

What Constitutes a Quorum for the Annual Meeting?

The presence, in person or by proxy, of the holders of a majority of the voting power of all the shares of our common stock entitled to vote at the annual meeting is necessary to constitute a quorum at the annual meeting. Votes of stockholders of record who are present at the annual meeting in person or by proxy, abstentions, and broker non-votes are counted for purposes of determining whether a quorum exists.

Attending the Annual Meeting

The annual meeting will be held at 8:00 a.m. on Tuesday, July 24, 2018 at Convene at 201 Washington Street, 2^nd Floor, Boston, MA 02108. When you arrive at Convene, a Pieris representative will direct you to the appropriate meeting rooms. You need not attend the annual meeting to vote.

Householding of Annual Disclosure Documents

Some banks, brokers and other nominee record holders may be participating in the practice of “householding” proxy statements and annual reports. This means that only one Notice or, if applicable, a single copy of our proxy statement and annual report to stockholders may have been sent to multiple stockholders in your household. We will promptly deliver a separate copy of the Notice or, if applicable, our proxy materials to you upon written or oral request to Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 255 State Street, 9th Floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02109, Telephone: (857) 246-8998, Attn: Corporate Secretary. If you want to receive separate copies of the Notice or, if applicable, the proxy statement or annual report to stockholders in the future, or if you are receiving multiple Notices or, if applicable, copies of our proxy materials and would like to receive only one copy per household, you should contact your bank, broker or other nominee record holder, or you may contact us at the above address and phone number.

Electronic Delivery of Company Stockholder Communications

Most stockholders can elect to view or receive copies of future proxy materials over the Internet instead of receiving paper copies in the mail.

You can choose this option and save the Company the cost of producing and mailing these documents by:


•	following the instructions provided on your Notice or proxy card; or


•	following the instructions provided when you vote over the Internet at www.proxyvote.com.

Registered Trademarks

We have registered trademarks for Pieris® and Anticalin®. All other trademarks, trade names and service marks included in this proxy statement are the property of their respective owners. Use or display by us of other parties’ trademarks, trade dress or products is not intended to and does not imply a relationship with, or endorsements or sponsorship of, us by the trademark or trade dress owner.

Currency Presentation and Currency Translation

Unless otherwise indicated, all references to “dollars,” “$,” “U.S. $” or “U.S. dollars” are to the lawful currency of the United States. All references in this proxy statement to “euro” or “€” are to the currency introduced at the start of the third stage of the European Economic and Monetary Union pursuant to the Treaty establishing the European Community, as amended. We prepare our financial statements in U.S. dollars.

The reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of our foreign operation is the local currency of the foreign subsidiary. With respect to our financial statements, the translation from the euro to U.S. dollars is performed for balance sheet accounts using exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts using a weighted average exchange rate during the period. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss.

Where in this proxy statement we refer to amounts in euros, we have for your convenience also, in certain cases, provided a conversion of those amounts to U.S. dollars in parentheses. Where the numbers refer to a specific balance sheet account date or financial statement account period, we have used the exchange rate that was used to perform the conversions in connection with the applicable financial statement. In all other instances, unless otherwise indicated, the conversions have been made using the noon buying rate of €1.00 to U.S. $1.1996 based on Thomson Reuters as of December 31, 2017.

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

The following table sets forth the number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned as of June 4, 2018, by (i) each of our current directors and named executive officers, (ii) all executive officers and directors as a group, and (iii) each person known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the outstanding shares of our common stock. We have determined beneficial ownership in accordance with applicable rules of the SEC, which generally provide that beneficial ownership includes voting or investment power with respect to securities. Except as indicated by the footnotes to the table below, we believe, based on the information furnished to us, that the persons named in the table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of common stock that they beneficially own, subject to applicable community property laws.

The information set forth in the table below is based on 53,980,359 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding on of June 4, 2018. In computing the number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by a person and the percentage ownership of that person, we deemed to be outstanding all shares of common stock subject to options, warrants or other convertible securities held by that person that are currently exercisable or will be exercisable within 60 days after June 4, 2018. We did not deem these shares outstanding, however, for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person. Except as otherwise noted in the footnotes below, the address for each person listed in the table below, solely for purposes of filings with the SEC, is c/o Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 255 State Street, 9th Floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02109.



Name and Address of Beneficial Owner	Number of Shares Beneficially Owned	Percentage Beneficially Owned
5%+ Stockholders:
Biotechnology Value Fund, L.P. (1)	5,407,062	9.99	%
OrbiMed Private Investments III, LP (2)	3,950,000	7.32	%
Directors and Named Executive Officers:
Stephen S. Yoder (3)	1,725,631	3.20	%
Louis Matis (4)	408,125	*
Allan Reine (5)	65,000	*
Julian Adams (6)	60,000	*
Ann Barbier (7)	7,500	*
Jean-Pierre Bizzari (8)	80,000	*
James Geraghty (9)	62,500	*
Christopher Kiritsy (10)	65,000	*
Steven Prelack (11)	80,000	*
Michael Richman (12)	195,378	*
All Current Directors and Executive Officers as a Group (10 persons) (13)	2,739,134	5.07	%

* Less than 1%.

(1)

This information is based on a Schedule 13G/A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, on or about February 14, 2018, and information available to the Company which includes (i) 5,092,062 shares of common stock and (ii) 315,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of Series A Preferred Stock. The address of the principal business and office of BVF Inc. and certain of its affiliates is 1 Sansome Street, 30th Floor, San Francisco, California, 94104. BVF Inc. and its related entities beneficially hold (i) 2,623,562 shares of Common Stock, (ii) 4,963 shares a Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, which is convertible into 4,963,000 shares of common stock, and (iii) warrants exercisable for 2,977,800 shares of common stock. The Series A Preferred Stock may not be converted and the warrants may not be exercised if, after such conversion or exercise, BVF Inc. and its affiliates would beneficially own more than 9.99% of the number of shares of common stock then issued and outstanding. As a result of the limitation in the previous sentence, (i) 2,592,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of Series A Preferred Stock and (ii) 2,977,800 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants are excluded from the table

above. BVF Partners L.P., or Partners, is the general partner of Biotechnology Value Fund, L.P., or BVF, and Biotechnology Value Fund II, L.P., or BVF II; Partners is the investment manager of Biotechnology Value Trading Fund OS LP, or Trading Fund OS, and is the sole member of BVF Partners OS Ltd, or Partners OS. BVF Inc. is the general partner of Partners, and Mark N. Lampert is a director and officer of BVF Inc. Partners OS disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares of common stock beneficially owned by Trading Fund OS. Each of Partners, BVF Inc. and Mr. Lampert disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares of common stock beneficially owned by BVF, BVF II, Trading Fund OS, and certain Partners managed accounts.

(2)

This information is based solely on a Schedule 13D/A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 29, 2018. Includes 3,916,847 shares held of record by OrbiMed Private Investments III, LP, or OPI III, and 33,153 shares held of record by OrbiMed Associates III, LP, or Associates III. OrbiMed Capital GP III LLC (“GP III”) is the sole general partner of OPI III and as such may be deemed to indirectly be the beneficial owner of the shares held by OPI III. OrbiMed Advisors LLC (“OrbiMed”) is the sole managing member of GP III and the general partner of Associates III and as such GP III may be deemed to indirectly beneficially own the shares held by OPI III and Associates III. By virtue of this relationship, GP III, Associates III, and OrbiMed may be deemed to have beneficial ownership of such shares. Advisors exercises investment and voting power through a management committee comprised of Carl L. Gordon, Sven H. Borho and Jonathan T. Silverstein. Each of GP III, Associates III, OrbiMed, Carl L. Gordon, Sven H. Borho and Jonathan T. Silverstein disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares held by OPI III and Associates III, except to the extent of its or his pecuniary interest therein if any. The address for OPI III and Associates III is 601 Lexington Avenue, 54th Floor, New York, New York.


(3)	Includes 6,000 shares of our common stock and 1,719,631 shares issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase common stock, which are exercisable within 60 days of June 4, 2018.


(4)	Includes 10,000 shares of our common stock and 398,125 shares issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase common stock, which are exercisable within 60 days of June 4, 2018.


(5)	Includes 65,000 shares of our common stock and zero shares issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase common stock, which are exercisable within 60 days of June 4, 2018.


(6)	Includes 60,000 shares issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase common stock, which are exercisable within 60 days of June 4, 2018.


(7)	Includes 7,500 shares issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase common stock, which are exercisable within 60 days of June 4, 2018.


(8)	Includes 80,000 shares issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase common stock, which are exercisable within 60 days of June 4, 2018.


(9)	Includes 20,000 shares of our common stock and 42,500 shares issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase common stock, which are exercisable within 60 days of June 4, 2018.


(10)	Includes 5,000 shares of our common stock and 60,000 shares issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase common stock, which are exercisable within 60 days of June 4, 2018.


(11)	Includes 80,000 shares issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase common stock, which are exercisable within 60 days of June 4, 2018.


(12)	Includes 195,378 shares issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase common stock, which are exercisable within 60 days of June 4, 2018.


(13)	See notes 3 through 12 above.

MANAGEMENT AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The Board of Directors

Our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, or Articles of Incorporation, and our Amended and Restated Bylaws, or Bylaws, provide that our business is to be managed by or under the direction of our Board of Directors. Our Board of Directors is divided into three classes for purposes of election. One class is elected at each annual meeting of stockholders to serve for a three-year term. Our Board of Directors currently consists of eight members, classified into three classes as follows: (1) Julian Adams, Christopher Kiritsy and Jean-Pierre Bizzari constitute a class with a term ending at the 2018 annual meeting; (2) Steven Prelack, James Geraghty and Ann Barbier constitute a class with a term ending at the 2019 annual meeting; and (3) Stephen S. Yoder and Michael Richman constitute a class with a term ending at the 2020 annual meeting.

Set forth below are the names of the persons nominated as directors and directors whose terms do not expire this year, their ages, their offices in the Company, if any, their principal occupations or employment for at least the past five years, the length of their tenure as directors and the names of other public companies in which such persons hold or have held directorships during the past five years. Additionally, information about the specific experience, qualifications, attributes or skills that led to our Board of Directors’ conclusion at the time of filing of this proxy statement that each person listed below should serve as a director is set forth below:



Name		Age
Stephen S. Yoder		42
James Geraghty (3)		63
Michael Richman (1)(3)		57
Steven Prelack (2)		60
Ann Barbier, M.D., Ph.D.		54
Jean-Pierre Bizzari, M.D. (3)		63
Christopher Kiritsy (1)(2)		52

(1) Member of the compensation committee

(2) Member of the audit committee

(3) Member of the nominating and corporate governance committee

* Julian Adams, Ph.D., a current Class I Director and member of the audit committee with a term ending at the 2018 annual meeting, has not been nominated for re-election to our Board of Directors.

Our Board of Directors has reviewed the materiality of any relationship that each of our directors has with Pieris, either directly or indirectly. Based upon this review, our Board has determined that the following members of the Board are “independent directors” as defined by The Nasdaq Stock Market: James Geraghty, Michael Richman, Steven Prelack, Ann Barbier, Jean-Pierre Bizzari, Julian Adams, and Christopher Kiritsy.

Stephen S. Yoder. Stephen S. Yoder joined Pieris Pharmaceuticals GmbH as Chief Executive Officer in January 2010. He joined the Board of Directors of Pieris and was appointed as Chief Executive Officer and President in 2014. Prior to joining Pieris Pharmaceuticals GmbH, from July 2003 to December 2010, he led the intellectual property and legal departments at MorphoSys AG, a biotechnology company involved in the development and research of antibodies, as General Counsel. Prior to MorphoSys AG, from September 1999 to June 2003, he worked in several Washington, D.C. law firms, specializing in a life sciences intellectual property practice. Mr. Yoder holds degrees in molecular biology and Spanish from Grove City College and a Juris Doctorate, with honors, from The George Washington University Law School. As an attorney, he is licensed to practice before the United States Patent and Trademark Office, and in the jurisdictions of Maryland and Washington, D.C. We believe that Mr. Yoder adds value to our Board of Directors based on his intimate knowledge of our business plans and strategies of our business and his years of experience in the biotechnology and life sciences industry.

James Geraghty. James Geraghty joined the Board of Directors of Pieris in May 2017 and was appointed as Pieris’ Chairman of the Board of Directors in December 2017. Mr. Geraghty is an industry leader with thirty years of strategic and leadership experience, including more than twenty years as a senior member of executive teams at

biotechnology companies developing and commercializing innovative therapies. He was most recently an Entrepreneur in Residence at Third Rock Ventures, a leading biotech venture and company-formation fund, and previously served as Senior Vice President, North America Strategy and Business Development at Sanofi, which he joined upon its acquisition of Genzyme. Mr. Geraghty spent twenty years at Genzyme, where his roles included Senior Vice President International Development, President of Genzyme Europe, and General Manager of Genzyme's cardiovascular business. He is Chairman of the Board of Idera Pharmaceuticals and Juniper Pharmaceuticals and serves on the Board of Voyager Therapeutics and Fulcrum Therapeutics. He is also a member of the BIO Ventures for Global Health Board of Directors. He started his career in healthcare strategy consulting at Bain and Company. A graduate of the Yale Law School, Mr. Geraghty holds an M.S. from the University of Pennsylvania and a B.A. from Georgetown University. We believe that Mr. Geraghty adds value to our Board of Directors due to his strong life sciences pedigree and extensive background in company building.

Michael Richman. Mr. Richman joined the Board of Directors of Pieris in 2014. He is currently the President and Chief Executive Officer of NextCure, Inc. From 2008 through 2015, Mr. Richman was President and CEO of Amplimmune, Inc., a privately held biologics company focused on cancer and autoimmune diseases which was acquired by AstraZeneca in 2013. From May 2007 through June 2008, he served as President and Chief Operating Officer of Amplimmune, Inc. Prior to such time, Mr. Richman has gained years of experience working in research, intellectual property and business development capacities in companies such as Chiron Corporation (now Novartis), MedImmune, Inc. (now AstraZeneca) and MacroGenics. He is a member of the board of directors of Opexa Therapeutics, Inc., a public company, Madison Vaccines, Inc., a private company, and was previously director of Cougar Biotechnology until its acquisition by Johnson & Johnson. Mr. Richman obtained his B.S. in genetics/molecular biology at the University of California at Davis and his M.S.B.A. in international business at San Francisco State University. We believe that Mr. Richman adds value to our Board of Directors due to his extensive experience in mergers and acquisitions, business development and strategic planning for life science companies, as well as executive leadership and management experience.

Steven Prelack. Mr. Prelack joined the Board of Directors of Pieris in 2014. Mr. Prelack is the Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of VetCor, which owns and operates veterinary hospitals across the United States, and has served in this position since June 2012. Prior to that time and since May 2010, Mr. Prelack served at VetCor as Senior Vice President of Operations and as Chief Financial Officer. From 2001 until May 2010, he was the Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of VelQuest Corporation, a provider of automated compliance software solutions for the pharmaceutical industry. He is currently a director and audit committee chair of Galectin Therapeutics, Inc., a publicly traded clinical-stage biotechnology company engaged in drug research and development to create new therapies for fibrotic disease and cancer. Mr. Prelack also previously served as director and audit committee chair for BioVex Group, Inc., a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on the development and future commercialization of targeted treatments for cancer and the prevention of infectious disease, which was sold to Amgen in 2011, and as a director of VelQuest Corporation, OPCAT, Inc. and Foodsafe Solutions, Inc. Mr. Prelack is a Certified Public Accountant, received a B.B.A. degree from the University of Massachusetts at Amherst in 1979 and is a member of the National Association of Corporate Directors. We believe that Mr. Prelack adds value to our Board of Directors due to his extensive executive leadership experience, director experience within the biotechnology sector and his many years serving in senior financial and operational management roles.

Jean-Pierre Bizzari, M.D. Dr. Bizzari joined the Board of Directors of Pieris in May 2015. Dr. Bizzari served as Executive Vice-President, Group Head, Clinical Oncology Development at Celgene Corporation, a role he held from October 2008 until his retirement in December 2015. In this position, Dr. Bizzari was responsible for Celgene’s clinical development and operations-statistics teams across the U.S., Europe and Asia/Japan, and has overseen the development and approval of a number of leading oncology products including REVLIMID^® (lenalidomide), VIDAZA^® (azacitidine), ISTODAX^® (romidepsin) and ABRAXANE^® (nab-paclitaxel). In addition, he was Chairman of Celgene’s hematology oncology development committee and a member of the company’s management committee. Prior to his role at Celgene and from 2004 to 2008, Dr. Bizzari was the Vice President, Clinical Oncology Development for Sanofi-Aventis where he oversaw the approval of Eloxatin^® (oxaliplatin), Taxotere^® (docetaxel) and Elitek^® (rasburicase). From 2002 to 2004, he was Vice President, Clinical Development Oncology for Sanofi-Synthélabo and from 1993 to 2002 served in the same role for Rhône-Poulenc Rorer (Aventis). Dr. Bizzari is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of France’s National Cancer Institute and a board member of the EORTC. He is also currently a member of the board of directors of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc., Celator

Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Transgene SA, Items and Onxeo. Dr. Bizzari received his medical degree from the University of Nice (France) and is an oncologist, having trained at La Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital in Paris, followed by training at the Ontario Cancer Institute and McGill Cancer Center. We believe that Dr. Bizzari adds value to our Board of Directors based on his considerable experience in the pharmaceutical industry and his insight on clinical, regulatory and commercial aspects of drug development, particularly in oncology and global drug approval strategy.

Christopher Kiritsy. Christopher Kiritsy joined the Board of Directors of Pieris in September 2016. Mr. Kiritsy is a co-founder of Arisaph Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Arisaph”) and served as Arisaph’s President and Chief Executive Officer since 2005. Prior to Arisaph, Mr. Kiritsy served as Executive Vice President, Corporate Development and Chief Financial Officer of Kos Pharmaceuticals, Inc., where he played a key operating role in building the company from start-up to highly profitable, publicly traded, commercial company. During his 10-year tenure at Kos, Mr. Kiritsy spearheaded more than 10 major corporate development transactions and raised approximately $500 million in public equity, including Kos’s initial public offering. Kos was acquired by Abbott Laboratories for $3.7 billion in 2016. Mr. Kiritsy is a seasoned entrepreneur, who possesses more than 20 years of business and technical experience, previously holding senior management positions in R&D, business development and finance. We believe that Mr. Kiritsy adds value to our Board of Directors based on his considerable experience in the pharmaceutical industry and his expertise in corporate development.

Ann Barbier, M.D., Ph.D. Dr. Barbier joined the Board of Directors in April 2018. Dr. Barbier is currently the Chief Medical Officer of Translate Bio. Prior to joining Translate Bio, Dr. Barbier was Vice President of Clinical Development, Rare Genetic Diseases, at Agios Pharmaceuticals from June 2015 to October 2017, where she led the development program of a small molecule in rare benign hematological diseases. Previously, Dr. Barbier spent seven years at Shire, most recently as Global Clinical Development Lead and Senior Medical Director, where she worked on a variety of rare genetic diseases including lysosomal storage diseases and hereditary angioedema. Her prior experience includes positions at Envivo, Johnson & Johnson and Aventis. During her career, Dr. Barbier has made significant contributions to several approved products such as Elaprase® (Hunter syndrome), Aubagio® (multiple sclerosis) and Firazyr® (hereditary angioedema) and has led several investigational new drug applications for new chemical entities. Additionally, she has authored more than 50 peer-reviewed scientific articles, book chapters and invited reviews. Dr. Barbier received her M.D. and Ph.D. in pharmacology from the University of Gent, Belgium, and a Master of Science from the Free University of Brussels, Belgium. She pursued a postdoctoral fellowship at the University of Tennessee in Memphis. We believe that Dr. Barbier adds value to our Board of Directors based on her considerable experience in the pharmaceutical industry, her experience as an executive of successful companies in the life sciences industry, and her insight on clinical, regulatory and commercial aspects of drug development.

Committees of the Board of Directors and Meetings

Meeting Attendance. Our Board of Directors met five times during 2017. During 2017, each director attended at least 75% of the aggregate of the number of board meetings and the number of meetings held by all committees on which he served. The Board of Directors has adopted a policy under which each member of the Board of Directors makes every effort to but is not required to attend each annual meeting of our stockholders. Six of our eight directors attended our annual meeting of stockholders in 2017.

Audit Committee. Our Audit Committee’s role and responsibilities are set forth in the Audit Committee’s written charter and include the authority to retain and terminate the services of our independent registered public accounting firm. In addition, the Audit Committee reviews annual financial statements, considers matters relating to accounting policy and internal controls and reviews the scope of annual audits. This committee currently has three members, Steven Prelack (Chairman), Christopher Kiritsy and Julian Adams. Julian Adams will not be continuing as a director following the 2018 annual meeting. Our former director Chau Khuong served on our Audit Committee until November 17, 2017 when Mr. Khuong resigned from our Board of Directors and he was replaced on the committee by Julian Adams. All members of the Audit Committee satisfy the current independence standards promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission and by The Nasdaq Stock Market, as such standards apply specifically to members of audit committees. The Board of Directors has determined that Mr. Prelack is an “audit committee financial expert,” as the Securities and Exchange Commission has defined that term in Item 407 of Regulation S-K. The Audit Committee met four times during 2017. Please also see the report of the Audit Committee set forth elsewhere in this proxy statement.

A copy of the Audit Committee’s written charter is publicly available on our website at www.pieris.com.

Compensation Committee. Our Compensation Committee’s role and responsibilities are set forth in the Compensation Committee’s written charter and include reviewing, approving and making recommendations regarding our compensation policies, practices and procedures to ensure that legal and fiduciary responsibilities of the Board of Directors are carried out and that such policies, practices and procedures contribute to our success. This committee currently has two members, Christopher Kiritsy (Chairman) and Michael Richman. Our former director Chau Khuong served on our Compensation Committee until November 17, 2017 when Mr. Khuong resigned from our Board of Directors. All members of the Compensation Committee qualify as independent under the definition promulgated by The Nasdaq Stock Market.

Our Compensation Committee is responsible for the determination of the compensation of our chief executive officer, and shall conduct its decision-making process with respect to that issue without the chief executive officer present, as well as other executive officers. Our Compensation Committee has been delegated the authority to administer our 2014 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan, our 2016 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan, and, subject to approval of the plans by the stockholders, our 2018 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan and our 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. The Compensation Committee met two times during 2017.

The Compensation Committee has adopted the following processes and procedures for the consideration and determination of executive and director compensation: In establishing compensation amounts for executives, the Compensation Committee seeks to provide compensation that is competitive in light of current market conditions and industry practices. Accordingly, the Compensation Committee will generally review market data which is comprised of proxy-disclosed data from peer companies and information from nationally recognized published surveys for the biopharmaceutical industry, adjusted for size. The market data helps the committee gain perspective on the compensation levels and practices at the peer companies and to assess the relative competitiveness of the compensation paid to the Company’s executives. The market data thus guides the Compensation Committee in its efforts to set executive compensation levels and program targets at competitive levels for comparable roles in the marketplace. The Compensation Committee then considers other factors, such as the importance of each executive officer’s role to the company, individual expertise, experience, and performance, retention concerns and relevant compensation trends in the marketplace, in making its final compensation determinations.

The Compensation Committee has the authority to directly retain the services of independent consultants and other experts to assist in fulfilling its responsibilities. The Compensation Committee has engaged the services of Pearl Meyer & Partners (“Pearl Meyer”), a national executive compensation consulting firm, to review and provide recommendations concerning all of the components of the Company’s executive compensation program. Pearl Meyer performs services solely on behalf of the Compensation Committee and has no relationship with the Company or management except as it may relate to performing such services. Pearl Meyer assists the Committee in defining the appropriate market of the Company’s peer companies for executive compensation and practices and in benchmarking our executive compensation program against the peer group. Pearl Meyer also assists the Committee in benchmarking our director compensation program and practices against those of our peers. The Compensation Committee has assessed the independence of Pearl Meyer pursuant to SEC rules and the corporate governance rules of The NASDAQ Stock Market and concluded that no conflict of interest exists that would prevent Pearl Meyer from independently representing the Compensation Committee.

The Compensation Committee reviews the performance of each named executive officer in light of the above factors and determines whether the named executive officer should receive any increase in base salary, annual bonus award or receive a discretionary equity award based on such evaluation.

A copy of the Compensation Committee’s written charter is publicly available on our website at www.pieris.com.

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation.

During 2017, the Compensation Committee members were Christopher Kiritsy (Chairman), Michael Richman and Chau Khuong (from January 1, 2017 to November 17, 2017), none of whom currently is, or formerly was, an officer or employee of the Company. In 2017, none of our executive officers served on the Board of Directors or compensation committee of any entity that had one or more executive officers serving as a member of our Board of

Directors or Compensation Committee. There are no family relationships between or among the members of our Board of Directors or executive officers.

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. Our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee’s role and responsibilities are set forth in the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee’s written charter and include evaluating and making recommendations to the full Board of Directors as to the size and composition of the Board of Directors and its committees, evaluating and making recommendations as to potential candidates, and evaluating the performance of current members of the Board of Directors. This committee currently has three members, James Geraghty (Chairman), Michael Richman and Jean-Pierre Bizzari. All members of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee qualify as independent under the definition promulgated by The Nasdaq Stock Market. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee met once during 2017.

If a stockholder wishes to nominate a candidate for director who is not to be included in our proxy statement, it must follow the procedures described in our Bylaws and in “Stockholder Proposals and Nominations for Director” at the end of this proxy statement.

In addition, under our current corporate governance policies, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee may consider candidates recommended by stockholders as well as from other sources such as other directors or officers, third party search firms or other appropriate sources. For all potential candidates, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee may consider all factors it deems relevant, such as a candidate’s personal integrity and sound judgment, business and professional skills and experience, independence, knowledge of the industry in which we operate, possible conflicts of interest, the extent to which the candidate would fill a present need on the Board of Directors, and concern for the long-term interests of the stockholders. In general, persons recommended by stockholders will be considered on the same basis as candidates from other sources. If a stockholder wishes to propose a candidate for consideration as a nominee by the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee under our corporate governance policies, it should submit such recommendation in writing to: Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 255 State Street, 9th Floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02109, Attn: Corporate Secretary.

The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will consider issues of diversity among the members of the Board of Directors in identifying and considering nominees for director, and will strive where appropriate to achieve a diverse balance of backgrounds, perspectives, experience, age, gender, ethnicity and professional experience on the Board of Directors and its committees.

A copy of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee’s written charter is publicly available on the Company’s website at www.pieris.com.

Board Leadership Structure and Role in Risk Oversight

Our Board of Directors consists of eight members.

In accordance with our Articles of Incorporation, our Board of Directors is divided into three classes with staggered three-year terms. At each annual general meeting of stockholders, the successors to directors whose terms then expire will be elected to serve from the time of election and qualification until the third annual meeting following election. The authorized number of directors may be changed by resolution of the Board of Directors. Vacancies on the Board of Directors can be filled by resolution or a majority vote of the remaining directors then in office, even if less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director of the Board of Directors. Our principles of corporate governance give the Board of Directors the authority to choose whether the roles of Non-Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer are held by one person or two people. Our principles also give the Board of Directors the authority to change this policy if it deems it best for the Company at any time. Currently, two separate individuals serve in the positions of Chief Executive Officer and Non-Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company. We believe that our current leadership structure is optimal for the Company at this time.

Our Board of Directors has seven independent members and one non-independent member, our President and Chief Executive Officer. We believe that the number of independent, experienced directors that make up our Board of Directors, along with the independent oversight of the Board of Directors by the Non-Executive Chairman, benefits our company and our stockholders. All of our independent directors have demonstrated leadership in other organizations and are familiar with board of director processes.

Dr. Adams, Dr. Bizzari and Mr. Kiritsy are the Class I directors and their terms will expire at the 2018 annual meeting of stockholders of the Company. Mr. Prelack, Mr. Geraghty and Dr. Barbier are the Class II directors and their terms will expire at the 2019 annual meeting of stockholders of the Company. Mr. Yoder and Mr. Richman are the Class III directors and their terms will expire at the 2020 annual meeting of stockholders of the Company. The division of our Board of Directors into three classes with staggered three-year terms may delay or prevent a change of our management or a change in control.

Our management is principally responsible for defining the various risks facing the Company, formulating risk management policies and procedures, and managing our risk exposures on a day-to-day basis. The Board of Directors’ principal responsibility in this area is to ensure that sufficient resources, with appropriate technical and managerial skills, are provided throughout the Company to identify, assess and facilitate processes and practices to address material risk and to monitor our risk management processes by informing itself concerning our material risks and evaluating whether management has reasonable controls in place to address the material risks. The involvement of the Board of Directors in reviewing our business strategy is an integral aspect of the Board of Directors’ assessment of management’s tolerance for risk and its determination of what constitutes an appropriate level of risk for the Company.

While the full Board of Directors has overall responsibility for risk oversight, the Board of Directors may elect to delegate oversight responsibility related to certain risks committees, which in turn would then report on the matters discussed at the committee level to the full Board of Directors. For instance, an audit committee could focus on the material risks facing the Company, including operational, market, credit, liquidity and legal risks and a compensation committee could be charged with reviewing and discussing with management whether our compensation arrangements are consistent with effective controls and sound risk management.

Stockholder Communications to the Board

Generally, stockholders who have questions or concerns should contact our Investor Relations department at (857) 246-8998. However, any stockholder who wishes to address questions regarding our business directly with the Board of Directors, or any individual director, should direct his or her questions in writing to Pieris Pharmaceuticals Inc., 255 State Street, 9th Floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02109, Attn: Corporate Secretary or via e-mail at auditcommittee@pieris.com. Communications will be distributed to the Board of Directors, or to any individual director or directors as appropriate, depending on the facts and circumstances outlined in the communications. Items that are unrelated to the duties and responsibilities of the Board of Directors may be excluded, such as:


•	junk mail and mass mailings;


•	resumes and other forms of job inquiries;


•	surveys; and


•	solicitations and advertisements.

In addition, any material that is unduly hostile, threatening, or illegal in nature may be excluded, provided that any communication that is filtered out will be made available to any outside director upon request.

Executive Officers

The following table sets forth certain information regarding our executive officers, who are not also a member of our Board of Directors. Information regarding our other executive officer, our Chief Executive Officer, Stephen S. Yoder, can be found under the caption “The Board of Directors” above.



Name	Age	Position with the Company
Allan Reine	43	Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
Louis Matis	67	Senior Vice President and Chief Development Officer

Allan Reine, M.D. Dr. Reine joined Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in August 2017. Prior to joining Pieris, from 2012 through August 2017, Dr. Reine was a portfolio manager at Lombard Odier Asset Management, where he ran a healthcare portfolio focused on biotechnology and

pharmaceutical companies. Before joining Lombard Odier, Dr. Reine served as a healthcare portfolio manager at various funds, from 2003 through 2012 including Citi Principal Strategies, SAC Capital, Trivium Capital and Alexandra Investment Management. Dr. Reine began his career in 2001 at CIBC World Markets where he worked in both biotechnology investment banking and biotechnology equity research. Dr. Reine received his M.D. from the University of Toronto, and his Bachelor of Science in Statistical Sciences from the University of Western Ontario.

Louis A. Matis, M.D. Louis A. Matis was appointed Senior Vice President and Chief Development Officer in August 2015. Prior to joining Pieris, Dr. Matis served since June 2011 as Executive Director, Strategic Evaluation at Alexion Pharmaceuticals, where he also served from 1993 to 2000, during which time he advanced to the position of Chief Scientific Officer and had a leading role in discovering the first-in-class complement inhibitor monoclonal antibody Soliris® (eculizumab). Before re-joining Alexion in 2011, Dr. Matis served as Chief Executive Officer of CGI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. from 2000 to 2006, and of the Immune Tolerance Institute from 2007 to 2010. From 1977 until joining Alexion in 1993, Dr. Matis held senior research and clinical positions at the National Cancer Institute (the NCI), National Institutes of Health and the FDA Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. Dr. Matis received a B.A. from Amherst College, an M.D. from the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, and his clinical training in Internal Medicine at the University of Chicago Hospitals and Clinics, and in Medical Oncology at the NCI. Dr. Matis is the author of over 120 publications in major scientific and medical journals and is a co-inventor on multiple patents.

EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND DIRECTOR COMPENSATION

The following table summarizes the compensation earned in each of our fiscal years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 by our named executive officers, which consisted of our principal executive officer and our two next most highly compensated executive officers who earned more than $100,000 during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 and were serving as executive officers as of such date. The table also includes an additional executive who would have been among the two most highly compensated executive officers except for the fact that he was not serving as an executive officer of the Company as of the end of 2017. We refer to the executive officers listed below as the Named Executive Officers.

Summary Compensation Table



Name and Principal Position	Year	Salary ($)		Bonus ($)	Option Awards ($)⁽¹⁾	All Other Compensation ($)		Total ($)
Stephen S. Yoder	2017	450,000		225,000	564,201	10,800	⁽²⁾	1,250,001
Chief Executive Officer	2016	415,000		180,000	484,740	10,600	⁽²⁾	1,090,340
Allan Reine	2017	148,352	⁽³⁾	150,000	1,662,130	-		1,960,482
Chief Financial Officer
Louis Matis	2017	375,000		150,000	188,348	-		713,348
Chief Development Officer	2016	350,000		140,000	-	-		490,000
Claude Knopf	2017	370,000		148,000	-	330,362	⁽⁴⁾	848,362
Former Chief Business Officer


(1)	These amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value for the option awards granted during the fiscal years presented, determined in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. A discussion of the assumptions used in determining grant date fair value may be found in Note 10 to our Financial Statements, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.


(2)	Represents 401(k) Plan employer contribution.


(3)	Dr. Reine began employment with us on August 9, 2017. Salary amounts represent the salary actually paid for the fiscal year.


(4)	Amount includes $319,562 of severance related payments to be made in accordance with Mr. Knopf´s employment agreement and 401(k) Plan employer contribution of $10,800.

Narrative Disclosure to Summary Compensation Table

Stephen S. Yoder, Chief Executive Officer

Stephen S. Yoder serves as our President and Chief Executive Officer pursuant to an employment agreement dated December 17, 2014, which provides for a continuous term and may be terminated by either party at any time, provided that if Mr. Yoder resigns he shall provide us with at least 90 days’ prior written notice. Pursuant to his employment agreement, Mr. Yoder is eligible to receive an annual discretionary bonus of up to 40% of Mr. Yoder’s then-effective annual base salary, based upon achievement of individual and corporate performance objectives as determined by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof. The Board increased Mr. Yoder’s annual base salary to $415,000 for 2016 and $450,000 for 2017. For 2018 the Board increased Mr. Yoder’s annual base salary to $500,000 and his annual discretionary bonus target of up to 50%.

Pursuant to his employment agreement, Mr. Yoder is prohibited during the term of the agreement, subject to certain exceptions, from (i) accepting any other employment or consultancy, (ii) serving on the board of directors or similar body of any other entity, unless approved by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, and (iii) acquiring, assuming

or participating in, directly or indirectly, any financial position, investment or interest known by Mr. Yoder to be adverse or antagonistic to Pieris, its business or prospects, financial or otherwise, or in any competing business.

Mr. Yoder's employment agreement also contains (i) customary confidentiality obligations which are not limited by the term of the agreement, (ii) certain non-compete provisions extending during the term of the agreement and one year thereafter, and (iii) certain non-solicitation provisions during the term of the agreement and for one year thereafter. Mr. Yoder also agreed to assign certain intellectual property rights to Pieris.

Allan Reine, M.D., Chief Financial Officer

Dr. Allan Reine serves as our Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Treasurer pursuant to an employment agreement dated August 9, 2017, which provides for a continuous term and may be terminated by either party at any time, provided that if Dr. Reine resigns, he shall provide us with at least 90 days’ written notice. Pursuant to this agreement, Dr. Reine receives a base salary of $375,000 in 2017, which was increased to $386,250 in 2018, and is eligible to receive an annual discretionary bonus award of up to 40% of his then-current base salary, based upon the achievement of specific individual and/or Company-wide performance goals as determined by the Board of Directors, or a committee thereof, in its sole discretion. Dr. Reine is entitled to participate in any employee benefit programs, plans and practices on the same terms as other salaried employees on a basis consistent with the participation of other Named Executive Officers.

Dr. Reine, in connection with his employment, was granted an inducement nonqualified stock option to purchase 450,000 shares of common stock of the Company. Twenty-five percent (25%) of the option shall vest on the first anniversary of his employment, with the remaining (75%) to vest over the next three years in equal installments on a quarterly basis beginning on the last day of the next calendar quarter after the vesting start date.

Dr. Reine was also granted an incentive stock option to purchase up to 50,000 shares of common stock of the Company. The incentive option is based on Dr. Reine substantially meeting the following 2017 personal objectives: (1) oversight of the Company's corporate finance functions, (2) contributions to the Company's strategy and leadership, (3) oversight of investor and public relations, and (4) management of the Company’s treasury functions. As Dr. Reine achieved all of the objectives the full 50,000 shares vest as to twenty-five percent (25%) of the shares on February 20, 2019 and the remaining seventy-five percent (75%) of the shares shall vest in equal installments on a quarterly basis on the last day of each calendar quarter thereafter, subject in each case to Dr. Reine's continued employment in good standing.

Pursuant to his employment agreement, Dr. Reine is prohibited during the term of the agreement, subject to certain exceptions, from (i) accepting any other employment or consultancy or (ii) serving on the board of directors or similar body of any entity, unless such position is approved by the Chief Executive Officer. The agreement also contains (i) customary confidentiality obligations which are not limited by the term of the agreement, (ii) certain non-compete provisions extending during the term of the agreement and one year thereafter, (iii) certain non-solicitation provisions during the term of the agreement and for one year thereafter, and (iv) assignment of certain intellectual property rights to Pieris.

Louis Matis, M.D., Chief Development Officer

Dr. Louis Matis serves as our Senior Vice President and Chief Development Officer pursuant to an employment agreement dated July 20, 2015, which provides for a continuous term and may be terminated by either party at any time, provided that if Dr. Matis resigns, he shall provide us with at least 90 days’ written notice. Pursuant to this agreement, Dr. Matis initially received a base salary of $350,000, which was increased to $375,000 for 2017, and increased to $391,875 for 2018 and is eligible to receive an annual discretionary bonus award of up to 40% of his then-current base salary, based upon the achievement of specific individual and/or Company-wide performance goals as determined by the Board or a committee of the Board in its sole discretion.

Dr. Matis is entitled to participate in any employee benefit programs, plans and practices on the same terms as other salaried employees on a basis consistent with the participation of other senior executive officers.

Pursuant to his employment agreement, Dr. Matis is prohibited during the term of the agreement, subject to certain exceptions, from (i) accepting any other employment or consultancy, (ii) serving on the board of directors or similar body of any other entity, unless approved by the Chief Executive Officer, and (iii) acquiring, assuming or participating in, directly or indirectly, any financial position, investment or interest known by Dr. Matis to be adverse or antagonistic to Pieris, its business or prospects, financial or otherwise, or in any competing business.

The agreement also contains (i) customary confidentiality obligations which are not limited by the term of the agreement, (ii) certain non-compete provisions extending during the term of the agreement and one year thereafter and (iii) certain non-solicitation provisions during the term of the agreement and for one year thereafter. Dr. Matis also agreed to assign certain intellectual property rights to Pieris.

Claude Knopf, Former Chief Business Officer

Mr. Knopf served as our Senior Vice President, Chief Business Officer through October 27, 2017 pursuant to an employment agreement dated November 11, 2016, which provides for a continuous term and may be terminated by either party at any time, provided that if Mr. Knopf resigns, he shall provide us with at least 30 days’ written notice. Pursuant to this agreement, Mr. Knopf received a base salary of $370,000 and was eligible to receive an annual discretionary bonus award of up to 40% of his then-current base salary, based upon the achievement of specific individual and/or Company-wide performance goals as determined by the Board of Directors, or a committee thereof, in its sole discretion. Mr. Knopf was also entitled to participate in any employee benefit programs, plans and practices on the same terms as other salaried employees on a basis consistent with the participation of other Named Executive Officers.

The agreement also contains (i) customary confidentiality obligations which are not limited by the term of the agreement, (ii) certain non-compete provisions extending during the term of the agreement and one year thereafter, (iii) certain non-solicitation provisions during the term of the agreement and for one year thereafter, and (iv) assignment of certain intellectual property rights to Pieris.

2017 Bonus Payments

On February 20, 2018, our Compensation Committee approved discretionary cash bonus payments to (i) Mr. Yoder in the amount of $225,000, which was 10% above his target bonus amount of 40% of his annual base salary due to accomplishments above expectations during 2017, (ii) Dr. Reine in the amount of $150,000, which was equal to his target bonus amount, and (iii) Dr. Matis in the amount of $150,000, which was equal to his target bonus amount. In connection with his departure, the Compensation Committee also approved a bonus for Claude Knopf for 2017 in the amount of $148,000, which was equal to his target bonus amount.

Potential Payments upon Termination or Change in Control

Stephen S. Yoder, Chief Executive Officer

Mr. Yoder’ employment agreement provides that if Mr. Yoder’s employment is terminated (i) by us without cause or (ii) by him for good reason, then we must pay Mr. Yoder (i) a lump-sum payment equal to 12 months of his base salary, (ii) a pro rata portion of the bonus for the year in which the termination occurs, based on year-to-date performance as determined by the Board of Directors, or a committee thereof, in its sole discretion, (iii) an amount equal to his health insurance premium, paid directly or as a reimbursement to Mr. Yoder, for up to a maximum of 12 months and (iv) all unvested equity awards then held by Mr. Yoder will immediately vest in full and become exercisable. The severance and acceleration of any unvested options is expressly conditioned on Mr. Yoder executing and delivering to Pieris a release of claims.

Mr. Yoder's employment agreement also provides that if within 12 months following a change of control Mr. Yoder’s employment is terminated or Mr. Yoder terminates his employment for good reason, and Mr. Yoder executes and delivers to Pieris a release of claims, then he will receive (i) a lump-sum payment equal to 12 months of his base salary at the time of his termination, (ii) his target bonus amount for the year in which the termination occurs, and

(iii) an amount equal to 12 months of his health insurance premium, paid directly or as a reimbursement to Mr. Yoder. In addition, all outstanding unvested equity awards will immediately vest in full and become exercisable following termination and any forfeiture restrictions will immediately lapse.

Cause is defined as the occurrence of any of the following events, as determined by the Board of Directors or a committee designated by the Board of Directors, in its sole discretion: (i) Mr. Yoder’s commission of any felony or any crime involving fraud, dishonesty, or moral turpitude under the laws of Germany, the United States or any state thereof; (ii) Mr. Yoder’s attempted commission of, or participation in, a fraud against Pieris; (iii) Mr. Yoder’s intentional, material violation of any contract or agreement between Mr. Yoder and Pieris or of any statutory duty owed to Pieris; (iv) Mr. Yoder’s unauthorized use or disclosure of Pieris’ confidential information or trade secrets; or (v) Mr. Yoder’s gross misconduct.

Good reason means Mr. Yoder’s resignation from all positions he then holds with Pieris if (i) (a) there is a material diminution in Mr. Yoder’s duties and responsibilities with Pieris; (b) there is a material reduction of Mr. Yoder’s base salary; provided, however, that a material reduction in Mr. Yoder’s base salary pursuant to a salary reduction program affecting all or substantially all of the employees of Pieris and that does not adversely affect Mr. Yoder to a greater extent than other similarly situated employees shall not constitute good reason; or (c) Mr. Yoder is required to relocate Mr. Yoder’s primary work location to a facility or location that would increase Mr. Yoder’s one-way commute distance by more than 50 miles from Mr. Yoder’s primary work location as of immediately prior to such change, (ii) Mr. Yoder provides written notice outlining such conditions, acts or omissions to Pieris within 30 days immediately following such material change or reduction, (iii) such material change or reduction is not remedied by Pieris within 30 days following Pieris’ receipt of such written notice and (iv) Mr. Yoder’s resignation is effective not later than 30 days after the expiration of such 30 day cure period.

Allan Reine, Chief Financial Officer

Dr. Reine’s employment agreement provides that if Dr. Reine’s employment is terminated (i) by us without cause or (ii) by him for good reason, then Dr. Reine will be entitled to receive (a) six months of his base salary, (b) a bonus equal to his target bonus amount, pro-rated based on the total number of days elapsed in the calendar year as of the termination date if, as of the date of termination, the Company and Dr. Reine were “on target” to achieve all applicable performance goals, and (c) continuation of COBRA health insurance premiums at the Company’s then-normal rate of contribution for twelve months. In addition, outstanding equity awards held by Dr. Reine shall automatically become vested and, if applicable, exercisable and any forfeiture restrictions shall immediately lapse with respect to seventy-five percent (75%) of the then unvested equity awards. The severance and acceleration of any unvested options is expressly conditioned on Dr. Reine executing and delivering to Pieris a release of claims.

Dr. Reine's employment agreement also provides that if within 12 months following a change of control Dr. Reine's employment is terminated or Dr. Reine terminates his employment for good reason, and Dr. Reine executes and delivers to Pieris a release of claims, then he will receive (a) twelve months of his base salary, (b) his target bonus amount for the year in which the termination occurs, and (c) continuation of COBRA health insurance premiums at the Company’s then-normal rate of contribution for twelve months. In addition, all then outstanding unvested equity awards held by Dr. Reine shall immediately vest in full and, if applicable, become exercisable and all forfeiture restrictions shall immediately lapse.

Louis Matis, Chief Development Officer

Dr. Matis' employment agreement provides that if Dr. Matis’ employment is terminated (i) by us without cause or (ii) by him for good reason, then Dr. Matis will be entitled to receive (a) six months base salary (b) an amount equal to his target bonus amount, pro-rated based on the total number of days elapsed in the calendar year as of the termination date if, as of the date of termination, the Company and Dr. Matis were “on target” to achieve all applicable performance goals and (c) continuation of COBRA health insurance premiums at the Company’s then-normal rate of contribution for twelve months. In addition, outstanding equity awards held by Dr. Matis shall automatically become vested and, if applicable, exercisable and any forfeiture restrictions shall immediately lapse with respect to seventy-five percent (75%) of the then unvested equity awards.

If, in connection with a change of control of Pieris, Dr. Matis’ employment is terminated without cause or Dr. Matis terminates his employment for good reason, he will be entitled to receive (a) twelve months of his base salary, (b) the target bonus amount for the year of termination and (b) continuation of COBRA health insurance premiums at the Company’s then-normal rate of contribution for twelve months. In the case of such a termination in connection with a change in control, outstanding equity awards held by Dr. Matis shall automatically become vested and if, applicable, exercisable and all forfeiture restrictions shall immediately lapse.

“Good Reason” for Dr. Reine and Dr. Matis shall mean the executive’s resignation from all positions he or she then holds with the Company if (i) (A) there is a material diminution in the executive’s duties and responsibilities with the Company or in job title; (B) there is a material reduction of the executive’s base salary; provided, however, that a material reduction in the executive’s base salary pursuant to a salary reduction program affecting all or substantially all of the employees of the Company and that does not adversely affect the executive to a greater extent than other similarly situated employees shall not constitute good reason; or (C) the executive is required to relocate the executive’s primary work location to a facility or location that would increase the executive’s one-way commute distance by more than fifty (50) miles from the executive’s primary work location as of immediately prior to such change, (ii) the executive provides written notice outlining such conditions, acts or omissions to the Company within thirty (30) days immediately following such material change or reduction, (iii) such material change or reduction is not remedied by the Company within thirty (30) days following the Company’s receipt of such written notice and (iv) the executive’s resignation is effective not later than thirty (30) days after the expiration of such thirty (30) day cure period.

“Change of control” for each of the executives shall be deemed to occur (i)when any “person” (as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act) becomes the “Beneficial Owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of securities of Pieris representing 50% or more of the total voting power represented by Pieris’ then outstanding voting securities (excluding for this purpose any such voting securities held by the Pieris or its affiliates or by any employee benefit plan of Pieris) pursuant to a transaction or a series of related transactions which the Board of Directors does not approve; or (ii) a merger or consolidation of Pieris whether or not approved by the Board of Directors, other than a merger or consolidation which would result in the voting securities of Pieris outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the surviving entity or the parent of such corporation) more than 50% of the total voting power represented by the voting securities of Pieris or such surviving entity or parent of such corporation, as the case may be, outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation; or (iii) the sale or disposition by Pieris of all or substantially all of its assets in a transaction requiring stockholder approval.

Claude Knopf, Former Chief Business Officer

In connection with Mr. Knopf's separation we agreed to pay him the following severance consistent with the terms of his employment: (i) 12 months base salary, (ii) his target bonus amount of 40% of base salary, (iii) acceleration of the vesting of 75% of the then unvested portion of his option, such that 281,250 shares became vested (in addition to the 125,000 shares vested as of the date of his last day of employment), and (iv) continued participation in the Company's health and dental insurance plans at the Company's expense (except for Mr. Knopf's co-pay or Mr. Knopf's portion of premium payments, if any, which shall be paid directly by Mr. Knopf) for a period through the earlier of (i) December 31, 2018 and (ii) the date Mr. Knopf and his covered dependents, if any, become eligible for healthcare coverage under another employer's plan(s).

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

The table below summarizes the aggregate stock and option awards held by our named executive officers as of December 31, 2017.



Name and Principal Position	Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) Exercisable		Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) Unexercisable		Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Unearned Options (#) (#) Unexercisable		Option Exercise Price ($)	Option Expiration Date
Stephen S. Yoder	1,280,000	⁽¹⁾	-	⁽¹⁾	-		2.00	12/17/2024
Chief Executive Officer	215,250	⁽²⁾	276,750	⁽²⁾	-		1.52	2/12/2026
			434,350	⁽³⁾	-		1.99	2/23/2027
Allan Reine	-		450,000	⁽⁴⁾	-		5.00	8/9/2027
Chief Financial Officer	-				50,000	⁽⁵⁾	5.00	8/9/2027
Louis Matis	281,250		218,750	⁽⁶⁾	-		3.36	8/17/2025
Chief Development Officer	-		145,000	⁽³⁾	-		1.99	2/23/2027
Claude Knopf	406,250		-		-		1.45	11/28/2026
Former Chief Business Officer


(1)	The option award has a grant date of December 17, 2014 and vests pursuant to the following schedule: 25% of the option vested immediately upon grant on December 17, 2014 and the remaining 75% of the option vested ratably over three years in equal installments on a quarterly basis thereafter.


(2)	The option award has a grant date of February 12, 2016 and vests pursuant to the following schedule: 25% of the option vested on the one-year anniversary of the grant date and the remaining 75% of the option shall vest ratably over three years in equal installments on a quarterly basis thereafter.


(3)	The option award has a grant date of February 23, 2017 and vests pursuant to the following schedule: 25% of the option vests on the one-year anniversary of the grant date and 75% of the option shall vest ratably over three years in equal installments on a quarterly basis beginning on the last day of the next calendar quarter after the date of grant.


(4)	The option award has a grant date of August 9, 2017 and vests pursuant to the following schedule: 25% of the option vests on the one-year anniversary of the grant date and 75% of the option shall vest ratably over three years in equal installments on a quarterly basis beginning on the last day of the next calendar quarter after the date of grant.

(5)

Up to 50,000 shares could be earned based on achievement of 2017 personal objectives. The Compensation Committee determined on February 20, 2018 that all of the objectives had been met and 100% of the award was earned. Therefore, twenty-five percent (25%) of the shares shall vest on February 20, 2019 and the remaining seventy-five percent (75%) of the shares shall vest in equal installments on a quarterly basis on the last day of the next calendar quarter thereafter.


(6)	The option award has a grant date of August 17, 2015 and vests pursuant to the following schedule: 25% of the option vested on the one-year anniversary of the grant date and the remaining 75% of the option vests ratably over three years in equal installments on a quarterly basis thereafter.

Clawback Policy

We have adopted an incentive compensation recoupment policy that is applicable to our executive officers, and such other of our senior executives as may be determined by the Compensation Committee. If we determine that we must restate our financial results as reported in a periodic or other report filed with the SEC to correct an accounting error due to material noncompliance with any financial reporting requirement under the U.S. securities laws, we will seek to recover, at the direction of the Compensation Committee, after it has reviewed the facts and circumstances that led to the requirement of the restatement and the costs and benefits of seeking recovery, incentive compensation, both cash and equity-based, awarded or paid within one year following the filing of the financial report giving rise to the restatement to an officer covered by the policy whose intentional misconduct caused or contributed to the need for the restatement for a fiscal period if a lower award or payment would have been made to such officer based on the restated financial results.

Director Compensation

Our director compensation program is administered by our Board with the assistance of the Compensation Committee. The Compensation Committee conducts an annual review of director compensation and makes recommendations to the Board with respect thereto. The Compensation Committee has engaged the services of Pearl Meyer & Partners (“Pearl Meyer”), a national executive compensation consulting firm, to review and provide recommendations concerning the Company's non-employee director compensation policy. On January 11, 2015, our Board of Directors approved a director compensation policy applicable to our non-employee directors. The January 2015 policy provided for annual cash compensation of $25,000 for each non-employee member of the Board of Directors. In addition, the policy provides that the chair of the audit committee will receive additional annual cash compensation of $15,000; the chair of the compensation committee will receive additional annual cash compensation of $10,000; and the chair of the nominating and corporate governance committee will receive additional annual cash compensation of $7,500 and each member of the audit committee other than the chair will receive $7,500 additional cash compensation, each member of the compensation committee other than the chair will receive $5,000 additional cash compensation and each member of the nominating and corporate governance committee other than the chair will receive $3,750 additional cash compensation. In March 2017, our Board of Directors approved an amendment to the policy to increase the amount of the annual cash retainer paid to each non-employee director from $25,000 to $35,000 and to provide that the Chairperson of the Board of Directors would receive additional annual cash compensation of $25,000. In November 2017 this policy was amended and restated to increase the additional annual cash compensation to be paid to the Chairperson of the Board to $30,000.

Since adoption of the policy in 2015 upon appointment, each new non-employee director receives an option to purchase 30,000 shares of our common stock and since 2016 each ongoing non-employee director receives an option to purchase 20,000 shares on January 25th each year, up from 15,000 shares in the year prior. Under the amended and restated November 2017 policy, the Chairperson of the Board will also receive an additional annual option to purchase 5,000 shares and any newly appointed Chairperson of the Board will receive an initial additional option to purchase 40,000 shares. All options granted under the policy shall have an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date, terminate ten years after the grant date and vest in equal quarterly installments at the end of each quarter following the grant date until the end of the fiscal year in which the grant was made, except that the initial additional option to the Chairperson shall vest as to twenty-five percent on the first anniversary of the date of the Chairman's appointment as Chairman, with the remaining seventy-five percent vesting in twelve equal quarterly installments at the end of each full fiscal quarter following the initial vesting date.

The table below summarizes all compensation earned by each of our non-employee directors for services performed during our fiscal year ended December 31, 2017. Mr. Yoder is not in the table below because he receives no separate compensation for his services as a director of our Company, and all of the compensation earned by Mr. Yoder during our 2017 fiscal year as an executive officer of our Company is reflected in the Summary Compensation Table above.



Name	Fees Earned or Paid in Cash ($) (1)	Option Awards ($) (9)	Total ($)
James Geraghty (2)	26,045	234,610	260,655
Michael Richman (3)	47,052	25,537	72,589
Steven Prelack (4)	50,000	25,537	75,537
Jean-Pierre Bizzari (5)	38,750	25,537	64,287
Julian Adams (6)	39,219	25,537	64,756
Christopher Kiritsy (7)	51,250	25,537	76,787
Chau Khuong (8)	64,248	25,537	89,785

(1)

Includes payment of annual fees for Board and committee service in the form of options to purchase common stock in lieu of cash to Mr. Richman ($47,052) and Mr. Khuong ($64,248). The amount reflects the grant date fair value of the options computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. Mr. Richman received options to purchase 9,687 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $2.01 on January 25, 2017, 7,821 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $2.32 on April 25, 2017, 3,288 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $5.64 on July 25, 2017 and 4,006 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $4.68 on October 25, 2017. Mr. Khuong received options to purchase 10,313 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $2.01 on January 25, 2017, 10,546 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $2.32 on April 25, 2017, 5,018 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $5.64 on July 25, 2017 and 6,115 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $4.68 on October 25, 2017. The options vest in four equal quarterly installments at the end of each fiscal quarter following the grant date, subject to the director’s continued service on the Board of Directors, and terminate ten years after the grant date.


(2)	As of December 31, 2017, James Geraghty held option awards for 70,000 shares of common stock.


(3)	As of December 31, 2017, Michael Richman held option awards for 180,470 shares of common stock.


(4)	As of December 31, 2017, Steven Prelack held option awards for 70,000 shares of common stock.


(5)	As of December 31, 2017, Jean-Pierre Bizzari held option awards for 70,000 shares of common stock.


(6)	As of December 31, 2017, Julian Adams held option awards for 50,000 shares of common stock.


(7)	As of December 31, 2017, Christopher Kiritsy held option awards for 45,000 shares of common stock.


(8)	As of December 31, 2017, Chau Khuong, former Chairman of the Board of Directors, held option awards for 6,115 shares of common stock.


(9)	These amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value of option awards granted to each director in fiscal year 2017 computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. A discussion of the assumptions used in determining grant date fair value may be found in Note 10 to our Financial Statements, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

REPORT OF AUDIT COMMITTEE

The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, which consists entirely of directors who meet the independence and experience requirements of the Nasdaq Stock Market, has furnished the following report:

The Audit Committee assists the Board of Directors in overseeing and monitoring the integrity of our financial reporting process, compliance with legal and regulatory requirements and the quality of internal and external audit processes. This committee’s role and responsibilities are set forth in our charter adopted by the Board of Directors, which is available on our website at www.pieris.com. This committee reviews and reassesses our charter annually and recommends any changes to the Board of Directors for approval. The Audit Committee is responsible for overseeing our overall financial reporting process, and for the appointment, compensation, retention, and oversight of the work of Ernst & Young LLP. In fulfilling its responsibilities for the financial statements for fiscal year December 31, 2017, the Audit Committee took the following actions:


•	Reviewed and discussed the audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 with management and Ernst & Young LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm;


•	Discussed with Ernst & Young LLP the matters required to be discussed in accordance with Auditing Standard No. 16 - Communications with Audit Committees; and

•

Received written disclosures and the letter from Ernst & Young LLP regarding its independence as required by applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding Ernst & Young LLP communications with the Audit Committee and the Audit Committee further discussed with Ernst & Young LLP their independence. The Audit Committee also considered the status of pending litigation, if any, internal controls, taxation matters and other areas of oversight relating to the financial reporting and audit process that the committee determined appropriate.

Based on the Audit Committee’s review of the audited financial statements and discussions with management and Ernst & Young LLP, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board that the audited financial statements be included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 for filing with the SEC.

Members of the Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Audit Committee

Steven Prelack, Chairman

Christopher Kiritsy

Julian Adams

SECTION 16(a) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING COMPLIANCE

Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) requires directors, executive officers, and persons owning more than 10 percent of a Company’s class of equity securities registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act to file reports on a timely basis on the initiation of their status as a reporting person and any changes with respect to their beneficial ownership of such equity securities with the SEC. Executive officers, directors and greater than 10 percent stockholders are required by SEC regulations to furnish those companies copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file.

Our records reflect all reports which were required to be filed pursuant to Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act were filed on a timely basis.

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PERSON TRANSACTIONS

Related Party Transactions

Except as described below, since January 1, 2017, there has not been, nor is there currently proposed, any transaction to which we are or were a party in which the amount involved exceeds $120,000 and 1% of the average of its total assets at year-end for the last two completed fiscal years, and in which any of our current directors, executive officers, holders of more than 5% of any class of our voting securities or any of their respective affiliates or immediate family members, had, or will have, a direct or indirect material interest.

We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers. Each of those indemnification agreements is in the form approved by our Board of Directors. Those indemnification agreements require that, under the circumstances and to the extent provided for therein, we indemnify such persons to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law against certain expenses and other amounts incurred by any such person as a result of such person being made a party to certain actions, suits and proceedings by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of our company, any entity that was a predecessor corporation of our company or any of our affiliates. The rights of each person who is a party to such an indemnification agreement are in addition to any other rights such person may have under applicable law, our Articles of Incorporation, our Bylaws, any other agreement, a vote of our stockholders, a resolution adopted by our Board of Directors or otherwise.

Review, Approval or Ratification of Transactions with Related Persons

Pursuant to the written charter of our audit committee, the audit committee is responsible for reviewing and approving all transactions in which we are a participant and in which any parties related to us, including our executive officers, our directors, beneficial owners of more than 5% of our securities, immediate family members of the foregoing persons and any other persons whom our Board of Directors determines may be considered related parties under Item 404 of Regulation S-K, has or will have a direct or indirect material interest. All of the transactions described in this section occurred prior to the adoption of the audit committee charter.

Director Independence

Our Board of Directors undertook a review of the composition of our Board of Directors and independence of each of our current and former directors. Based upon information requested from and provided by each director concerning his or her background, employment and affiliations, including family relationships, our Board of Directors has determined that each of James Geraghty, Jean-Pierre Bizzari, Michael Richman, Julian Adams, Christopher Kiritsy, Steven Prelack, Ann Barbier and Chau Khuong would qualify as “independent” as that term is defined by Nasdaq Listing Rule 5605(a)(2). Stephen S. Yoder would not qualify as “independent” under applicable Nasdaq Listing Rules applicable to the Board of Directors generally or to separately designated board committees because he currently serves as our Chief Executive Officer. In making such determinations, our Board of Directors considered the relationships that each of our non-employee directors has with our company and all other facts and circumstances deemed relevant in determining independence, including the beneficial ownership of our capital stock by each non-employee director.

Subject to some exceptions, Nasdaq Listing Rule 5605(a)(2) provides that a director will only qualify as an “independent director” if, in the opinion of our Board of Directors, that person does not have a relationship that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director, and that a director cannot be an “independent director” if (a) the director is, or in the past three years has been, an employee of ours; (b) a member of the director’s immediate family is, or in the past three years has been, an executive officer of ours; (c) the director or a member of the director’s immediate family has received more than $120,000 per year in direct compensation from us within the preceding three years, other than for service as a director or benefits under a tax-qualified retirement plan or non-discretionary compensation (or, for a family member, as a non-executive employee); (d) the director or a member of the director’s immediate family is a current partner of our independent public accounting firm, or has worked for such firm in any capacity on our audit at any time during the past three years; (e) the director or a member of the director’s immediate family is, or in the past three years has been, employed as an executive officer of a company where one of our executive officers serves on the compensation committee; or (f) the director or a member of the director’s immediate family is an executive officer, partner or

controlling stockholder of a company that makes payments to, or receives payments from, us in an amount which, in any twelve-month period during our past three fiscal years, exceeds the greater of 5% of the recipient’s consolidated gross revenues for that year or $200,000 (except for payments arising solely from investments in our securities or payments under non-discretionary charitable contribution matching programs). Additionally, in order to be considered an independent member of an audit committee under Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act, a member of an audit committee may not, other than in his or her capacity as a member of the audit committee, the Board of Directors, or any other committee of the Board of Directors, accept, directly or indirectly, any consulting, advisory, or other compensatory fee from the applicable company or any of its subsidiaries or otherwise be an affiliated person of the applicable company or any of its subsidiaries.

ELECTION OF DIRECTORS

(Notice Item 1)

On June 7, 2018 the Board of Directors nominated Christopher Kiritsy and Jean-Pierre Bizzari for election at the annual meeting, both of whom are incumbent directors. The Board of Directors currently consists of eight members, classified into three classes as follows: (1) Steven Prelack, James Geraghty and Ann Barbier constitute a class with a term ending at the 2019 annual meeting; (2) Stephen S. Yoder and Michael Richman constitute a class with a term ending at the 2020 annual meeting; and Julian Adams, Christopher Kiritsy and Jean-Pierre Bizzari constitute a class with a term that expires at the upcoming annual meeting. At each annual meeting of stockholders, directors are elected for a full term of three years to succeed those directors whose terms are expiring.

The Board of Directors has voted to nominate Christopher Kiritsy and Jean-Pierre Bizzari for election at the annual meeting for a term of three years to serve until the 2021 annual meeting of stockholders, and until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified. Julian Adams, a current Class I director, has not been nominated for reelection to our Board of Directors. Our Board of Directors and the Company thank Dr. Adams for his contributions to the Company during his tenure.

The Class II directors (Steven Prelack, James Geraghty and Ann Barbier) and Class III directors (Stephen S. Yoder and Michael Richman) will serve until the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2019 and 2020, respectively, and until their respective successors have been duly elected and qualified.

Unless authority to vote for this nominee is withheld, the shares represented by the enclosed proxy will be voted FOR the election as director of Christopher Kiritsy and Jean-Pierre Bizzari. In the event that any nominee becomes unable or unwilling to serve, the shares represented by the enclosed proxy will be voted for the election of such other person as the Board of Directors may recommend in such nominee’s place. We have no reason to believe that any nominee will be unable or unwilling to serve as a director.

The two nominees for director who receive the most votes (also known as a “plurality” of the votes cast) will be elected. Votes withheld and broker non-votes will not be treated as votes cast and, therefore, will not affect the outcome of the elections.

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS THE ELECTION OF CHRISTOPHER KIRITSY AND JEAN-PIERRE BIZZARI AS DIRECTORS, AND PROXIES SOLICITED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS WILL BE VOTED IN FAVOR THEREOF UNLESS A STOCKHOLDER HAS INDICATED OTHERWISE ON THE PROXY.

APPROVAL OF THE 2018 EMPLOYEE, DIRECTOR

AND CONSULTANT EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN

(Notice Item 2)

On June 7, 2018, our Board of Directors unanimously approved, subject to stockholder approval at the meeting, the adoption of the 2018 Plan. The 2018 Plan will initially allow us to issue up to 3,000,000 shares of our common stock pursuant to awards granted under the 2018 Plan. If the 2018 Plan is approved by stockholders, our 2016 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2016 Plan will terminate and no additional awards will be made thereunder after July 24, 2018. However, all outstanding awards under the 2016 Plan will remain in effect.

The 2018 Plan is being submitted to stockholders for approval at the meeting in order to ensure favorable federal income tax treatment for grants of incentive stock options under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code. Approval of by our stockholders of the 2018 Plan is also required by the listing rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market.

We believe that the effective use of stock-based long-term compensation is vital to our ability to achieve strong performance in the future. Awards under the 2018 Plan are intended to attract, retain and motivate key individuals, further align employee and stockholder interests, and closely link compensation with our corporate performance. We believe that the 2018 Plan is essential to permit our management to continue to provide long-term, equity-based incentives to present and future employees, consultants and directors.

The Board of Directors believes that the number of shares currently remaining available for issuance pursuant to future awards under the 2016 Plan (115,199 shares as of June 4, 2018) is not sufficient for future granting needs. Accordingly, the 2018 Plan has initially fixed the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance thereunder at 3,000,000. Based solely on the closing price of our common stock as reported on the Nasdaq Stock Market on June 4, 2018 ($5.59), the market value of the 3,000,000 shares that would be available for issuance under the 2018 Plan would be $16,770,000.

As of June 4, 2018, 7,952,915 shares were subject to outstanding stock options and other stock-based awards granted under the 2016 Plan, the 2014 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2014 Plan, and outside of these plans as part of inducement awards. As of June 4, 2018, our equity overhang, was 13.0%. If the 2018 Plan is approved by stockholders, our equity overhang as of that date would have been 16.9%. Equity overhang was calculated in each instance above as (a) the sum of (i) all shares issuable upon exercise or vesting of outstanding awards under the 2016 Plan or outstanding inducement awards, plus (ii) all shares available for issuance pursuant to future awards under the 2016 Plan or 2018 Plan, as applicable, as a percentage of (b) the sum of (i) the number of shares of our common stock outstanding as of June 4, 2018, plus (ii) the number of shares described in clause (a) above.

The Compensation Committee has considered our historical annual burn rate in granting awards under both the 2016 Plan and the 2014 Plan, along with inducement awards outside of these plans, and believes that our burn rate is reasonable for a clinical stage biotechnology company that is prudently planning for success. The following table shows our adjusted net 3-year burn rate history:



	CY17	CY16	CY15	3 Year Average
Adjusted Net Burn Rate as a % of Outstanding Shares (1)	4.8%	5.4%	2.0%	4.1%


(1)	Net burn rate is calculated as (a) shares subject to awards granted during the applicable calendar year, minus shares subject to awards that were forfeited, canceled or terminated (other than upon exercise) during the applicable calendar year, divided by (b) the weighted average common shares outstanding during the applicable calendar year.

The 2018 Plan includes the following provisions:


•	No Liberal Share Recycling: Shares that are withheld to satisfy any tax withholding obligation related to any award or for payment of the exercise price or purchase price of any award under the 2018 Plan will not again become available for issuance under the 2018 Plan.


•	No Discounted Options or Stock Appreciation Rights: Stock options and stock appreciation rights may not be granted with exercise prices or measurement prices lower than the fair market value of the underlying shares on the grant date except to replace equity awards due to a corporate transaction.

•

No Repricing without Stockholder Approval: At any time when the exercise price of a stock option or measurement price of a stock appreciation right is above the fair market value of a share, the Company will not, without stockholder approval, reduce the exercise price of such stock option or measurement price of such stock appreciation right and will not exchange such stock option or stock appreciation right for a new award with a lower (or no) purchase price or for cash.


•	No Transferability: Awards generally may not be transferred, except by will or the laws of descent and distribution, unless approved by the Compensation Committee. In no event shall any award be transferred for value.


•	No Dividends: The 2018 Plan prohibits, for all award types, the payment of dividends or dividend equivalents before the vesting of the underlying award but permits accrual of such dividends or dividend equivalents to be paid upon vesting.

•

Limits on Director Grants: The 2018 Plan limits the number of shares to be granted to any non-employee director in any calendar year to an aggregate grant date fair value of $400,000 dollars except for grants made pursuant to an election by a non-employee director to receive a grant of equity in lieu of cash for any cash fees to be received for service on the Board or any committee thereof or in connection with a non-employee director initially joining the Board.


•	Limit the Number of Full Value Shares: The 2018 Plan provides that no more than 100,000 shares may be issued as “full value” awards.

•

Provide for a Minimum Vesting Period: No award under the 2018 Plan may be granted with a vesting schedule providing for exercisability or the lapsing of restrictions or repurchase rights over a period of less than one year from the date of grant (except that awards with a shorter vesting schedule may be granted with respect to a maximum of 5% of the shares reserved for issuance under the 2018 Plan).


•	Clawback Policy: The awards shall be subject to the Company’s Clawback Policy.

Summary of Material Features of the 2018 Plan

The following description of the material features of the 2018 Plan is intended to be a summary only. This summary is qualified in its entirety by the full text of the 2018 Plan that is attached to this proxy statement as Exhibit A.

Eligibility.

The 2018 Plan allows us, under the direction of the Compensation Committee, to make grants of stock options, restricted and unrestricted stock awards and other stock-based awards to employees, directors and consultants (approximately 97 employees and directors as of June 4, 2018) who, in the opinion of the Compensation Committee, are in a position to make a significant contribution to our long-term success provided that no more than 100,000 shares shall be issued as “full value” awards.

Shares Available for Issuance.

The 2018 Plan provides for the issuance of up to (i) 3,000,000 shares plus (ii) the number of shares underlying any stock option and other stock-based awards previously granted under the 2016 Plan or 2014 Plan that are forfeited, canceled, or terminated (other than by exercise) on or after July 24, 2018; provided that no more than 6,975,000 shares, which is approximately the number of shares subject to currently outstanding stock option and other stock-based awards outstanding under the 2016 Plan and 2014 Plan, may be added to the 2018 Plan pursuant to such forfeitures, cancellations and terminations. Shares of common stock reserved for awards under the 2018 Plan that

are forfeited, canceled or terminated (other than by exercise) generally are added back to the share reserve available for future awards. However, shares of common stock tendered in payment for an award or shares of common stock withheld for taxes are not available again for future awards. In addition, shares purchased by us with the proceeds of the option exercise price of any option award may not be reissued under the 2018 Plan.

The 2018 Plan limits the number of shares to be issued as “full-value” awards to 100,000. These are awards that have an intrinsic value that is not solely dependent on appreciation in the price of our common stock after the date of grant such as restricted stock and restricted stock units. In addition, the aggregate grant date fair value of awards to any non-employee director in any calendar year may not exceed $400,000, except that this limitation shall not apply to stock-based awards made pursuant to an election by a non-employee director to receive such stock-based award in lieu of cash for all or a portion of cash fees to be received for service on our Board of Directors or any committee thereof or in connection with a non-employee director initially joining the Board.

In addition, no award under the 2018 Plan may be granted with a vesting schedule providing for exercisability or the lapsing of restrictions or repurchase rights over a period of less than one year from the date of grant (except that awards with a shorter vesting schedule may be granted with respect to a maximum of 5% of the shares reserved for issuance under the 2018 Plan).

Stock Options.

Stock options granted under the 2018 Plan may be either incentive stock options, which are intended to satisfy the requirements of Section 422 of the Code, or non-qualified stock options, which are not intended to meet those requirements. The exercise price of a stock option may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. The term of stock options granted under the 2018 Plan may not be longer than ten years. Moreover, if an incentive stock option is granted to an individual who owns more than 10% of the combined voting power of all classes of our capital stock, the exercise price may not be less than 110% of the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant and the term of the option may not be longer than five years.

Award agreements for stock options include rules for exercise of the stock options after termination of service. Options may not be exercised unless they are vested, and no option may be exercised after the end of the term set forth in the award agreement. Generally, stock options will be exercisable for three months after termination of service for any reason other than death or total and permanent disability, and for 12 months after termination of service on account of death or total and permanent disability. Options, however, will not be exercisable if the termination of service was due to cause.

Restricted Stock.

Restricted stock is common stock that is subject to restrictions, including a prohibition against transfer and a substantial risk of forfeiture, until the end of a “restricted period” during which the grantee must satisfy certain vesting conditions. If the grantee does not satisfy the vesting conditions by the end of the restricted period, the restricted stock is forfeited.

During the restricted period, the holder of restricted stock has certain of the rights and privileges of a regular stockholder, except that the restrictions set forth in the applicable award agreement apply. For example, the holder of restricted stock may vote the shares, but he or she may not sell the shares until the restrictions are lifted. In addition, dividends may accrue but shall not be paid prior to and only to the extent that, the shares subject to the restrictions vest.

Restricted Stock Units and Performance Stock Units.

Restricted stock units and performance stock units are the grant of phantom shares that provide the grantee with the right to receive a fixed number of shares of common stock in the future based on the grantee providing continuing service for the period specified in the award agreement in the case of restricted stock units and until the performance goals are met in the case of performance stock units. If the vesting is achieved the grantee shall be entitled to

receive such number of shares based on the number of units specified in the award agreement. Dividend equivalents may accrue but shall not be paid prior to and only to the extent that, the grantee receives the shares related to the stock units upon vesting. If the grantee does not satisfy the vesting conditions by the end of the applicable period specified in the award agreement the award is forfeited and shares are not issued.

Other Stock-Based Awards.

The 2018 Plan also authorizes the grant of other types of stock-based compensation including, but not limited to, stock appreciation rights, phantom stock awards, deferred stock units and unrestricted stock awards. Under no circumstances may the agreement covering stock appreciation rights (a) have an exercise price per share that is less than 100% of the fair market value per share of our common stock on the date of grant or (b) expire more than ten years following the date of grant.

Plan Administration.

In accordance with the terms of the 2018 Plan, our Board of Directors has authorized the Compensation Committee to administer the 2018 Plan. The Compensation Committee may delegate part of its authority and powers under the 2018 Plan, but only the Compensation Committee can make awards to participants who are subject to the reporting and other requirements of Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. In accordance with the provisions of the 2018 Plan, the Compensation Committee determines the terms of awards, including:


•	which employees, directors and consultants will be granted awards;


•	the number of shares subject to each award;


•	the vesting provisions of each award;


•	the termination or cancellation provisions applicable to awards; and


•	all other terms and conditions upon which each award may be granted in accordance with the 2018 Plan.

In addition, the Compensation Committee may, in its discretion, amend any term or condition of an outstanding award provided (i) such term or condition as amended is permitted by the 2018 Plan, and (ii) any such amendment shall be made only with the consent of the participant to whom such award was made, if the amendment is adverse to the participant.

Stock Dividends and Stock Splits.

If our common stock is subdivided or combined into a greater or smaller number of shares or if we issue any shares of common stock as a stock dividend, the number of shares of our common stock thereafter deliverable upon the exercise of an outstanding option or upon issuance under another type of award shall be appropriately increased or decreased proportionately, and appropriate adjustments shall be made in the per share purchase price and performance goals applicable to performance-based awards, if any, to reflect such subdivision, combination or stock dividend.

Other Dividends.

Dividends (other than stock dividends as described above) may accrue but are not payable prior to the time, and only to the extent that, restrictions or rights to reacquire shares subject to awards have lapsed.

Corporate Transactions.

Upon a merger, consolidation or other reorganization event, our Board of Directors, may, in its sole discretion, take any one or more of the following actions pursuant to the 2018 Plan:

As to outstanding options, either:


•	make appropriate provision for the continuation of such options by substituting on an equitable basis for the shares then subject to such options either the consideration payable with respect to the

outstanding shares of common stock in connection with the corporate transaction or securities of any successor or acquiring entity; or


•	upon written notice to the participants, provide that such options must be exercised (either to the extent then exercisable or made partially or fully exercisable), within a specified number of days of the date of such notice, at the end of which period such options which have not been exercised shall terminate; or


•	terminate such options in exchange for payment of an amount equal to the consideration payable upon consummation of such corporate transaction to a holder of the number of shares of common stock into which such option would have been exercisable (either to the extent then exercisable or made partially or fully exercisable), less the aggregate exercise price thereof.

As to outstanding stock grants:


•	make appropriate provision for the continuation of such stock grants on the same terms and conditions by substituting on an equitable basis for the shares then subject to such stock grants either the consideration payable with respect to the outstanding shares of common stock in connection with the corporate transaction or securities of any successor or acquiring entity; or

•

provide that, upon consummation of the corporate transaction, each outstanding stock grant shall be terminated in exchange for payment of an amount equal to the consideration payable upon consummation of such corporate transaction to a holder of the number of shares of common stock comprising such stock grant (to the extent such stock grant is no longer subject to any forfeiture or repurchase rights then in effect or, at the discretion of the administrator, all forfeiture and repurchase rights being waived upon such corporate transaction).

Amendment and Termination.

The 2018 Plan may be amended by our stockholders. It may also be amended by our Board of Directors, provided that any amendment approved by our Board of Directors which is of a scope that requires stockholder approval as required (1) by the rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market, (2) in order to ensure favorable federal income tax treatment for any incentive stock options under Section 422 of the Code, or (3) for any other reason, is subject to obtaining such stockholder approval. However, no such action may adversely affect any rights any outstanding awards without the holder’s consent. Other than in connection with stock dividends, stock splits and corporate transactions, as summarized above, (i) the exercise price of an option may not be reduced, (ii) an option may not be canceled in exchange for a replacement option having a lower exercise price, or for another award or for cash, and (iii) no other action may be taken that is considered a direct or indirect “repricing,” in each case without stockholder approval.

Duration of the 2018 Plan.

The 2018 Plan will expire on June 7, 2028. No awards may be made after termination of the 2018 Plan, although previously granted awards may continue beyond the termination date in accordance with their terms.

Federal Income Tax Consequences

The material federal income tax consequences of the issuance and exercise of stock options and other awards under the 2018 Plan, based on the current provisions of the Code and regulations are as follows. Changes to these laws could alter the tax consequences described below. This summary assumes that all awards granted under the 2018 Plan are exempt from or comply with, the rules under Section 409A of the Code related to nonqualified deferred compensation.

Incentive Stock Options.

Incentive stock options are intended to qualify for treatment under Section 422 of the Code. An incentive stock option does not result in taxable income to the optionee or deduction to us at the time it is granted or exercised, provided that no disposition is made by the optionee of the shares acquired pursuant to the option within two years after the date of grant of the option nor within one year after the date of issuance of shares to the optionee (referred

to as the “ISO holding period”). However, the difference between the fair market value of the shares on the date of exercise and the option price will be an item of tax preference includible in “alternative minimum taxable income” of the optionee. Upon disposition of the shares after the expiration of the ISO holding period, the optionee will generally recognize long term capital gain or loss based on the difference between the disposition proceeds and the option price paid for the shares. If the shares are disposed of prior to the expiration of the ISO holding period, the optionee generally will recognize taxable compensation, and we will have a corresponding deduction, in the year of the disposition, equal to the excess of the fair market value of the shares on the date of exercise of the option over the option price. Any additional gain realized on the disposition will normally constitute capital gain. If the amount realized upon such a disqualifying disposition is less than fair market value of the shares on the date of exercise, the amount of compensation income will be limited to the excess of the amount realized over the optionee's adjusted basis in the shares.

Non-Qualified Options.

Options otherwise qualifying as incentive stock options, to the extent the aggregate fair market value of shares with respect to which such options are first exercisable by an individual in any calendar year exceeds $100,000, and options designated as non-qualified options, will be treated as options that are not incentive stock options.

A non-qualified option ordinarily will not result in income to the optionee or deduction to us at the time of grant. The optionee will recognize compensation income at the time of exercise of such non-qualified option in an amount equal to the excess of the then value of the shares over the option price per share. Such compensation income of optionees may be subject to withholding taxes, and a deduction may then be allowable to us in an amount equal to the optionee's compensation income.

An optionee’s initial basis in shares so acquired will be the amount paid on exercise of the non-qualified option plus the amount of any corresponding compensation income. Any gain or loss as a result of a subsequent disposition of the shares so acquired will be capital gain or loss.

Stock Grants.

With respect to stock grants under the 2018 Plan that result in the issuance of shares that are either not restricted as to transferability or not subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture, the grantee must generally recognize ordinary income equal to the fair market value of shares received. Thus, deferral of the time of issuance will generally result in the deferral of the time the grantee will be liable for income taxes with respect to such issuance. We generally will be entitled to a deduction in an amount equal to the ordinary income recognized by the grantee.

With respect to stock grants involving the issuance of shares that are restricted as to transferability and subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture, the grantee must generally recognize ordinary income equal to the fair market value of the shares received at the first time the shares become transferable or are not subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture, whichever occurs earlier. A grantee may elect to be taxed at the time of receipt of shares rather than upon lapse of restrictions on transferability or substantial risk of forfeiture, but if the grantee subsequently forfeits such shares, the grantee would not be entitled to any tax deduction, including as a capital loss, for the value of the shares on which he previously paid tax. The grantee must file such election with the Internal Revenue Service within 30 days of the receipt of the shares. We generally will be entitled to a deduction in an amount equal to the ordinary income recognized by the grantee.

Stock Units.

The grantee recognizes no income until the issuance of the shares. At that time, the grantee must generally recognize ordinary income equal to the fair market value of the shares received. We generally will be entitled to a deduction in an amount equal to the ordinary income recognized by the grantee.

New Plan Benefits

The following table shows the total number of annual awards expected to be made under the 2018 Plan to our non-employee directors as described under “Director Compensation” beginning on page 24, which awards are subject to the approval of the 2018 Plan by our stockholders.



Name and Position	Option Awards (#)
Non-Employee Directors	20,000
Chairperson of the Board	25,000

Except as set forth in the table above, the amount of any future grants under the 2018 Plan are subject to the discretion of the Compensation Committee, and therefore future awards to our named executive officers and other employees under the 2018 Plan are not determinable.

Vote Required

The affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast, either affirmatively or negatively, at a meeting at which a quorum is present is required to approve the 2018 Plan. Abstentions will be counted as present for purposes of determining the presence of a quorum, but will have no effect on the results of this vote. Brokerage firms do not have authority to vote customers’ unvoted shares held by the firms in street name for the 2018 Plan. As a result, any shares not voted by a customer for the 2018 Plan will be treated as a broker non-vote. Provided that a quorum is met, such broker non-votes will have no effect on the results of this vote.

Equity Compensation Plans

The following table sets forth information as of December 31, 2017 with respect to existing compensation plans under which our equity securities are authorized for issuance.



Plan Category	(a) Number of Securities to be Issued upon Exercise of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights		(b) Weighted-Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights ($)	(c) Number of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans (Excluding Securities Reflected in Column (a))
Equity Compensation Plans Approved by Securityholders	5,443,485	⁽¹⁾	2.33	1,612,514
Equity Compensation Plans Not Approved by Securityholders	1,531,250	^(2)(3)(4)(5)	3.62	-
Total	6,974,735			1,612,514


(1)	All shares are to be issued pursuant to our 2014 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan and our 2016 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan.

(2)

Pursuant to a Stock Option Agreement with Dr. Matis, dated August 17, 2015, Dr. Matis was granted an option to purchase 500,000 shares of Common Stock at a price per share of $3.36, as an inducement material to his entering into employment with us. The option award has a term of ten years and vests pursuant to the following schedule: 25% of the option vested on the one-year anniversary of the grant date and the remaining 75% of the option shall vest ratably over three years in equal installments on a quarterly basis thereafter.


(3)	Includes 406,250 options available for exercise as of December 31, 2017 pursuant to a termination agreement with Mr. Knopf.

(4)

Pursuant to a Stock Option Agreement with Dr. Reine dated August 9, 2017, Dr. Reine was granted an option to purchase 450,000 shares of Common Stock at a price per share of $5.00, as an inducement material to his entering into employment with us. The grant has a term of ten years and is subject to a vesting schedule of 4 years, with 25% of the shares vesting on August 17, 2018 and 6.25% of the shares vesting each quarter thereafter, subject to his continued employment with the Company.

(5)

Pursuant to a Stock Option Agreement with Dr. Bruns, dated October 12, 2017, Dr. Bruns was granted an option to purchase 175,000 shares of Common Stock at a price per share of $5.87, as an inducement material to his entering into employment with us. The grant has a term of ten years and is subject to a vesting schedule of 4 years, with 25% of the shares vesting on October 12, 2018 and 6.25% of the shares vesting each calendar quarter beginning March 31, 2019, subject to his continued employment with the Company.

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS A VOTE TO APPROVE THE 2018 PLAN, AND PROXIES SOLICITED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS WILL BE VOTED IN FAVOR OF SUCH PROPOSAL UNLESS A STOCKHOLDER INDICATES OTHERWISE ON THE PROXY.

APPROVAL OF THE 2018 EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN

(Notice Item 3)

On June 7, 2018, our Board of Directors unanimously approved, subject to stockholder approval at the meeting, the adoption of the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or the ESPP. The ESPP provides eligible employees with the opportunity to purchase shares of our common stock at a discount, on a tax-favored basis, through regular payroll deductions in compliance with Section 423 of the Code.

The Board of Directors believes it is in the best interest of the Company and its stockholders that the ESPP be approved. If approved, eligible employees who elect to participate in the ESPP will first be granted options to purchase common stock under the ESPP on December 1, 2018, unless an alternative later date is determined by our Board of Directors.

The ESPP allows all of the full-time and certain part-time employees of Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and its designated subsidiaries to purchase shares of our common stock at a discount to fair market value. The Board intends that designated employees of the Company’s subsidiary Pieris Pharmaceuticals GmbH will be eligible to participate in the ESPP. Employees will purchase shares in November and May of each year using funds deducted from their paychecks during the preceding six months. The ESPP is expected to be an important component of the benefits package that we offer to our employees. We believe that the ESPP will aid us in retaining existing employees, recruiting and retaining new employees and aligning and increasing the interest of all employees in our success.

Summary of Material Features of the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The following description of the material features of the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan is intended to be a summary only. This summary is qualified in its entirety by the full text of the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan that is attached to this proxy statement as Exhibit B.

Administration.

The ESPP will be administered by our Compensation Committee. The Compensation Committee and our Board of Directors has authority to interpret the ESPP and to make all other determinations necessary or advisable in administering it, including, without limitation, adopting sub-plans applicable to specific designated subsidiaries or locations, which sub plans may be designed to be outside the scope of Section 423 of the Code.

Eligibility.

All full-time employees and certain part-time employees of Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and its designated subsidiaries who have been continuously employed for at least one (1) month prior to an offering date will be eligible to participate in the ESPP. For part-time employees of the Company to be eligible, they must have customary employment of more than five months in any calendar year and more than 20 hours per week. The Board intends that designated employees of the Company’s subsidiary Pieris Pharmaceuticals GmbH will be eligible to participate in the ESPP. However, no employee shall be eligible to participate to the extent that, immediately after the grant, (i) that employee would own stock and/or options or securities to purchase stock possessing 5% or more of the combined voting power or the value of all classes of capital stock of the Company, or (ii) his or her rights to purchase stock under all employee stock purchase plans of the Company accrues at a rate that exceeds $25,000 for each calendar year in which such rights are outstanding and exercisable. As of June 4, 2018, approximately 20 employees of Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. will be eligible to participate in the ESPP. The Company expects that approximately 70 employees of Pieris Pharmaceuticals GmbH may be eligible to participate in the ESPP. Participation in the ESPP is at the election of each eligible employee and the amounts received by a participant under the ESPP depend on the fair market value of our common stock on future dates; therefore, the benefits or amounts that will be received by any participant if the ESPP is approved by our stockholders are not currently determinable.

Shares Available for Issuance.

Assuming the ESPP is approved by our stockholders at the 2018 annual meeting, there will be 500,000 shares of our common stock available for issuance under the ESPP, subject to adjustment upon changes in capitalization of the Company.

Participation.

To participate in the ESPP, an eligible employee authorizes payroll deductions in an amount not less than 1% nor greater than 10% of his or her “compensation” (i.e., total base salary and excluding bonuses, employee benefit plans or other additional payments) for each full payroll period in the offering period. The maximum number of shares of common stock that may be purchased by any participant during an offering period shall equal $25,000 divided by the fair market value of our common stock on the first date of an offering period. To ensure that IRS share limitations are not exceeded, we do not accept contributions from an individual participant in excess of $21,250 per calendar year.

Purchases.

Eligible employees enroll in a six-month offering period during the open enrollment period prior to the start of that offering period. A new offering period begins approximately every June 1 and December 1. At the end of each offering period, the accumulated deductions are used to purchase shares of our common stock from us. Shares are purchased at a price equal to 85% of the lower of: (x) the fair market value of our common stock on the first business day of an offering period or (y) the fair market value of our common stock on the last business day of an offering period. On June 4, 2018, the closing market price per share of our common stock was $5.59 as reported by The Nasdaq Stock Market.

Termination of Employment.

If a participating employee voluntarily resigns or is terminated prior to the last day of an offering period, the employee’s option to purchase terminates and the amount in the employee’s account is returned to the employee.

Transferability.

Neither contributions credited to a participant’s account nor any rights with regard to the exercise of an option or to receive shares under the ESPP may be assigned, transferred, pledged or otherwise disposed of in any way (other than by will, the laws of descent or distribution to a designated beneficiary upon the participant’s death) by the participant.

Adjustments upon Change in Capitalization.

Subject to any required action by our stockholders, the number of shares of common stock covered by unexercised options under the ESPP, the number of shares of common stock which have been authorized for issuance under the ESPP, but are not yet subject to options, the maximum number of shares of common stock that may be purchased by a participant in an offering period, as well as the price per share of common stock covered by each unexercised option under the ESPP, shall be proportionately adjusted for any increase or decrease in the number of issued shares of common stock resulting from a stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, combination or reclassification of the common stock.

In the event of the proposed dissolution or liquidation of the Company, any offering period then in progress will terminate immediately prior to the consummation of such proposed action, unless otherwise provided by our Board. In the event of a proposed sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or the merger, consolidation or other capital reorganization of the Company with or into another corporation, each option outstanding under the ESPP shall be assumed or an equivalent option shall be substituted by such successor corporation unless our Board determines, in its sole discretion and in lieu of such assumption or substitution, to shorten an offering period then in progress.

Participation Adjustment.

If the number of unsold shares that are available for purchase under the ESPP is insufficient to permit exercise of all rights deemed exercised by all participating employees, a participation adjustment will be made, and the number of shares purchasable by all participating employees is reduced proportionately. Any funds remaining in a participating employee’s account after such exercise are refunded to the employee, without interest.

Amendment.

The Board of Directors may amend the ESPP at any time and in any respect unless stockholder approval of the amendment in question is required under Section 423 of the Code, any national securities exchange or system on which our common stock is then listed or reported, or under any other applicable laws, rules, or regulations.

Termination.

The Board of Directors may terminate the ESPP at any time and for any reason or for no reason, provided that no termination shall impair any rights of participating employees that have vested at the time of termination. Without further action of the Board of Directors, the ESPP shall terminate on May 31, 2028 or, if earlier, at such time as all shares of common stock that may be made available for purchase under the ESPP have been issued.

U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences.

The following discussion briefly describes the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the ESPP generally applicable to the Company and to participants who are subject to U.S. federal taxation. The discussion is general in nature and does not address issues relating to the tax circumstances of any individual participant or any participant who is not subject to U.S. federal taxation. The discussion is based on the Code, applicable Treasury regulations and administrative and judicial interpretations thereof, each as in effect on the date of this proxy statement and is, therefore, subject to future changes in the law, possibly with retroactive effect. No attempt has been made to address any state, local, foreign or estate and gift tax consequences that may arise in connection with participation in the ESPP.

The ESPP, and the rights of participant employees to make purchases thereunder, qualify for treatment under the provisions of Sections 421(a) and 423(a) of the Code. Under these provisions, no income will be taxable to a participant until the shares purchased under the ESPP are sold or otherwise disposed of.

Upon sale or other disposition of the shares, the participant will generally be subject to tax and the amount of the tax will depend upon the holding period. If the shares are sold or otherwise disposed of more than two years from the first day of the relevant offering period (and more than one year from the date the shares are purchased) or the participant dies while holding the shares, whether before or after the participant has met the foregoing holding periods, then the participant generally will recognize ordinary income measured as the lesser of:


•	the excess of the fair market value of the shares at the time of such disposition or death over the purchase price paid for the shares, and


•	an amount equal to 15% of the fair market value of the shares as of the first day of the applicable offering period.

Any additional gain should be treated as long-term capital gain.

If the shares are sold or otherwise disposed of before the expiration of this holding period, the participant will recognize ordinary income at the time of such disposition generally measured as the excess of the fair market value of the shares on the date the shares are purchased over the purchase price. Any additional gain or loss on such sale or disposition will be long-term or short-term capital gain or loss, depending on the holding period.

The Company is not entitled to a deduction for amounts taxed as ordinary income or capital gain to a participant except to the extent ordinary income is recognized by participants upon a sale or disposition of shares prior to the expiration of the holding period(s) described above. In all other cases, no deduction is allowed to the Company.

Vote Required

The affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast, either affirmatively or negatively, at a meeting at which a quorum is present is required to approve the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Abstentions will be counted as present for purposes of determining the presence of a quorum, but will have no effect on the results of this vote. Brokerage firms do not have authority to vote customers’ unvoted shares held by the firms in street name for the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. As a result, any shares not voted by a customer for the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan will be treated as a broker non-vote. Provided that a quorum is met, such broker non-votes will have no effect on the results of this vote.

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS A VOTE TO APPROVE THE 2018 EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN, AND PROXIES SOLICITED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS WILL BE VOTED IN FAVOR OF SUCH PROPOSAL UNLESS A STOCKHOLDER INDICATES OTHERWISE ON THE PROXY.

RATIFICATION OF APPOINTMENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

(Notice Item 4)

The Audit Committee has appointed Ernst & Young LLP, or EY LLP, as our independent registered public accounting firm, to audit our financial statements for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2018. The Board of Directors proposes that the stockholders ratify this appointment. EY LLP audited our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017. We expect that representatives of EY LLP will be present at the annual meeting, will be able to make a statement if they so desire, and will be available to respond to appropriate questions.

In deciding to appoint EY LLP, the Audit Committee reviewed auditor independence issues and existing commercial relationships with EY LLP and concluded that EY LLP has no commercial relationship with the Company that would impair its independence for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2018.

Prior to April 4, 2016, the Audit Committee engaged Ernst & Young GmbH, or E&Y GmbH, as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm to act as the principal accountant to audit the Company’s period ending 2015 financial statements. On April 4, 2016, the Audit Committee engaged Ernst & Young LLP, or E&Y LLP, as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm to act as the principal accountant to audit the Company’s period ending 2016 and 2017 financial statements.

The following table presents fees for professional audit services rendered by E&Y LLP for the audit of the Company’s annual financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 and fees billed for other services rendered by E&Y LLP during the period:



	2017		2016
Audit Fees: (1)	$	995,650	$	646,061
Audit Related Fees:	—		—
Tax Fees:	—		—
All Other Fees:	—		—
Total	$	995,650	$	646,061

The following table presents audit fees for professional services rendered by E&Y GmbH in connection with the Company’s annual financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 and fees billed for other services rendered by E&Y GmbH during the period:



	2017		2016
Audit Fees: (1)	$	15,307	$	74,563
Audit Related Fees:	—		—
Tax Fees:	—		—
All Other Fees:	—		—
Total	$	15,307	$	74,563

(1)

Audit fees consisted of audit work performed on the annual financial statements, review of quarterly financial statements, as well as work generally only the independent registered public accounting firm can reasonably be expected to provide, such as the provision of consents in connection with the filing of registration statements, Current Reports on Form 8-K and related amendments and statutory audits.

Policy on Audit Committee Pre-Approval of Audit and Permissible Non-Audit Services

Consistent with SEC policies regarding auditor independence, the Audit Committee has responsibility for appointing, setting compensation and overseeing the work of our independent registered public accounting firm. In recognition of this responsibility, the Audit Committee has established a policy to pre-approve all audit and permissible non-audit services provided by our independent registered public accounting firm.

Prior to engagement of an independent registered public accounting firm for the next year’s audit, management will submit an aggregate of services expected to be rendered during that year for each of four categories of services to the Audit Committee for approval.

1. Audit services include audit work performed on the annual financial statements, as well as work that generally only an independent registered public accounting firm can reasonably be expected to provide, including comfort letters, statutory audits, and attest services and consultation regarding financial accounting and/or reporting standards.

2. Audit-Related services are for assurance and related services that are traditionally performed by an independent registered public accounting firm, including due diligence related to mergers and acquisitions, employee benefit plan audits, and special procedures required to meet certain regulatory requirements.

3. Tax services include all services performed by an independent registered public accounting firm’s tax personnel except those services specifically related to the audit of the financial statements, and includes fees in the areas of tax compliance, tax planning, and tax advice.

4. Other Fees are those associated with services not captured in the other categories. The Company generally does not request such services from our independent registered public accounting firm.

Prior to engagement, the Audit Committee pre-approves these services by category of service. The fees are budgeted and the Audit Committee requires our independent registered public accounting firm and management to report actual fees versus the budget at year end by category of service. During the year, circumstances may arise when it may become necessary to engage our independent registered public accounting firm for additional services not contemplated in the original pre-approval. In those instances, the Audit Committee requires pre-approval before engaging our independent registered public accounting firm.

The Audit Committee may delegate pre-approval authority to one or more of its members. The member to whom such authority is delegated must report, for informational purposes only, any pre-approval decisions to the Audit Committee at its next scheduled meeting.

In the event the stockholders do not ratify the appointment of EY LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm, the Audit Committee will reconsider its appointment.

The affirmative vote of a majority of the shares cast affirmatively or negatively at the annual meeting is required to ratify the appointment of the independent registered public accounting firm.

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS A VOTE TO RATIFY THE APPOINTMENT OF EY LLP AS OUR INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM, AND PROXIES SOLICITED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS WILL BE VOTED IN FAVOR OF SUCH RATIFICATION UNLESS A STOCKHOLDER INDICATES OTHERWISE ON THE PROXY.

CODE OF CONDUCT AND ETHICS

We have adopted a Code of Ethics and Whistler Blower Policy that applies to all our employees, including our chief executive officer and chief financial and accounting officer. The code of conduct and ethics is posted on our website at www.pieris.com and will be made available to stockholders without charge, upon request, in writing to Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 255 State Street, 9th Floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02109, Attn: Corporate Secretary. Disclosure regarding any amendments to, or waivers from, provisions of the code of conduct and ethics that apply to our directors, principal executive and financial officers will be included in a Current Report on Form 8-K within four business days following the date of the amendment or waiver, unless website posting or the issuance of a press release of such amendments or waivers is then permitted by the rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market.

OTHER MATTERS

The Board of Directors knows of no other business which will be presented to the annual meeting. If any other business is properly brought before the annual meeting, proxies will be voted in accordance with the judgment of the persons named therein.

STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS AND NOMINATIONS FOR DIRECTOR

To be considered for inclusion in the proxy statement relating to our 2019 annual meeting of stockholders, we must receive stockholder proposals by February 14, 2019. These proposals must comply with the requirements as to form and substance established by the SEC for such proposals to be included in the proxy statement. To be considered for presentation at the 2019 annual meeting, although not included in the proxy statement, proposals must be received no earlier than March 26, 2019 and no later than April 25, 2019. However, if the date of the annual meeting is more than 30 days earlier or more than 30 days later than such anniversary date, notice must be received no earlier than 120 days and not later than (i) 90 days prior to such annual meeting or (ii) the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made by the Company. Proposals that are not received in a timely manner will not be voted on at the 2019 annual meeting of stockholders. If a proposal is received on time, the proxies that management solicits for the meeting may still exercise discretionary voting authority on the proposal under circumstances consistent with the proxy rules of the SEC. Stockholders are advised to review our Bylaws, which also specify requirements as to the form and content of a stockholder’s notice. All stockholder proposals should be sent to Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 255 State Street, 9th Floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02109, Attn: Corporate Secretary.

Boston, Massachusetts

June 14, 2018

Exhibit A

PIERIS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

2018 EMPLOYEE, DIRECTOR AND CONSULTANT EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN


1.	DEFINITIONS.

Unless otherwise specified or unless the context otherwise requires, the following terms, as used in this Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2018 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan, have the following meanings:

Administrator means the Board of Directors, unless it has delegated power to act on its behalf to the Committee, in which case the term “Administrator” means the Committee.

Affiliate means a corporation which, for purposes of Section 424 of the Code, is a parent or subsidiary of the Company, direct or indirect.

Agreement means an agreement between the Company and a Participant pertaining to a Stock Right delivered pursuant to the Plan, in such form as the Administrator shall approve.

Board of Directors means the Board of Directors of the Company.

Cause means, with respect to a Participant (a) dishonesty with respect to the Company or any Affiliate, (b) insubordination, substantial malfeasance or non‑feasance of duty, (c) unauthorized disclosure of confidential information, (d) breach by a Participant of any provision of any employment, consulting, advisory, nondisclosure, non-competition or similar agreement between the Participant and the Company or any Affiliate, and (e) conduct substantially prejudicial to the business of the Company or any Affiliate; provided, however, that any provision in an agreement between a Participant and the Company or an Affiliate, which contains a conflicting definition of Cause for termination and which is in effect at the time of such termination, shall supersede this definition with respect to that Participant. The determination of the Administrator as to the existence of Cause will be conclusive on the Participant and the Company.

Code means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended including any successor statute, regulation and guidance thereto.

Committee means the committee of the Board of Directors, if any, to which the Board of Directors has delegated power to act under or pursuant to the provisions of the Plan.

Common Stock means shares of the Company’s common stock, $0.001 par value per share.

Company means Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Nevada corporation.

Consultant means any natural person who is an advisor or consultant that provides bona fide services to the Company or its Affiliates, provided that such services are not in connection with the offer or sale of securities in a capital raising transaction, and do not directly or indirectly promote or maintain a market for the Company’s or its Affiliates’ securities.

Disability or Disabled means permanent and total disability as defined in Section 22(e)(3) of the Code.

Director means a member of the Board of Directors.

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Employee means any employee of the Company or of an Affiliate (including, without limitation, an employee who is also serving as an officer or Director of the Company or of an Affiliate), designated by the Administrator to be eligible to be granted one or more Stock Rights under the Plan.

Exchange Act means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Fair Market Value of a Share of Common Stock means:

(1)If the Common Stock is listed on a national securities exchange or traded in the over‑the‑counter market and sales prices are regularly reported for the Common Stock, the closing or, if not applicable, the last price of the Common Stock on the composite tape or other comparable reporting system for the trading day on the applicable date and if such applicable date is not a trading day, the last market trading day prior to such date;

(2)If the Common Stock is not traded on a national securities exchange but is traded on the over‑the‑counter market, if sales prices are not regularly reported for the Common Stock for the trading day referred to in clause (1), and if bid and asked prices for the Common Stock are regularly reported, the mean between the bid and the asked price for the Common Stock at the close of trading in the over-the-counter market for the trading day on which Common Stock was traded on the applicable date and if such applicable date is not a trading day, the last market trading day prior to such date; and

(3)If the Common Stock is neither listed on a national securities exchange nor traded in the over‑the‑counter market, such value as the Administrator, in good faith, shall determine.

ISO means an option intended to qualify as an incentive stock option under Section 422 of the Code.

Non‑Qualified Option means an option which is not intended to qualify as an ISO.

Option means an ISO or Non‑Qualified Option granted under the Plan.

Participant means an Employee, Director or Consultant of the Company or an Affiliate to whom one or more Stock Rights are granted under the Plan.As used herein, “Participant” shall include “Participant’s Survivors” where the context requires.

Performance Based Award means a Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award which vests based on the attainment of written Performance Goals as set forth in Paragraph 9 hereof.

Performance Goals means performance goals determined by the Committee in its sole discretion and set forth in an Agreement. The satisfaction of Performance Goals shall be subject to certification by the Committee. The Committee has the authority to take appropriate action with respect to the Performance Goals (including, without limitation, making adjustments to the Performance Goals or determining the satisfaction of the Performance Goals in connection with a Corporate Transaction) provided that any such action does not otherwise violate the terms of the Plan.

Plan means this Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2018 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan.

Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

Shares means shares of the Common Stock as to which Stock Rights have been or may be granted under the Plan or any shares of capital stock into which the Shares are changed or for which they are exchanged within the provisions of Paragraph 3 of the Plan. The Shares issued under the Plan may be authorized and unissued shares or shares held by the Company in its treasury, or both.

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Stock-Based Award means a grant by the Company under the Plan of an equity award or an equity based award which is not an Option or a Stock Grant.

Stock Grant means a grant by the Company of Shares under the Plan.

Stock Right means a right to Shares or the value of Shares of the Company granted pursuant to the Plan -- an ISO, a Non-Qualified Option, a Stock Grant or a Stock-Based Award.

Survivor means a deceased Participant’s legal representatives and/or any person or persons who acquired the Participant’s rights to a Stock Right by will or by the laws of descent and distribution.


2.	PURPOSES OF THE PLAN.

The Plan is intended to encourage ownership of Shares by Employees and Directors of and certain Consultants to the Company and its Affiliates in order to attract and retain such people, to induce them to work for the benefit of the Company or of an Affiliate and to provide additional incentive for them to promote the success of the Company or of an Affiliate. The Plan provides for the granting of ISOs, Non‑Qualified Options, Stock Grants and Stock-Based Awards.


3.	SHARES SUBJECT TO THE PLAN.

The number of Shares which may be issued from time to time pursuant to this Plan shall be the sum of: (i) 3,000,000 shares of Common Stock and (ii) any shares of Common Stock that are represented by awards granted under the Company’s 2014 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan and the 2016 Employee, Director and Consultant Equity Incentive Plan that are forfeited, expire or are cancelled without delivery of shares of Common Stock or which result in the forfeiture of shares of Common Stock back to the Company on or after July 24 2018, or the equivalent of such number of Shares after the Administrator, in its sole discretion, has interpreted the effect of any stock split, stock dividend, combination, recapitalization or similar transaction in accordance with Paragraph 24 of this Plan; provided, however, that no more than 6,975,000 Shares shall be added to the Plan pursuant to subsection (ii).

(b) If an Option ceases to be “outstanding”, in whole or in part (other than by exercise), or if the Company shall reacquire (at not more than its original issuance price) any Shares issued pursuant to a Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award, or if any Stock Right expires or is forfeited, cancelled, or otherwise terminated or results in any Shares not being issued, the unissued or reacquired Shares which were subject to such Stock Right shall again be available for issuance from time to time pursuant to this Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a Stock Right is exercised, in whole or in part, by tender or withholding of Shares or if the Company or an Affiliate’s tax withholding obligation is satisfied by the tender or withholding of Shares, the number of Shares deemed to have been issued under the Plan for purposes of the limitation set forth in Paragraph 3(a) above shall be the number of Shares that were subject to the Stock Right or portion thereof, and not the net number of Shares actually issued. In addition, Shares repurchased by the Company with the proceeds of the option exercise price may not be reissued under the Plan. However, in the case of ISOs, the foregoing provisions shall be subject to any limitations under the Code.


4.	ADMINISTRATION OF THE PLAN.

The Administrator of the Plan will be the Board of Directors, except to the extent the Board of Directors delegates its authority to the Committee, in which case the Committee shall be the Administrator. Subject to the provisions of the Plan, the Administrator is authorized to:

(a)Interpret the provisions of the Plan and all Stock Rights and to make all rules and determinations which it deems necessary or advisable for the administration of the Plan;

(b)Determine which Employees, Directors and Consultants shall be granted Stock Rights provided that no more than 100,000 Shares may be issued under the Plan as “full value awards” (Stock Grants, restricted stock units, performance shares and other full value Stock-Based Awards); provided, if a full value award expires, is forfeited, or

A-3

otherwise lapses, the shares that were subject to the full value award shall again be available for the grant of full value awards;

(c)Determine the number of Shares for which a Stock Right or Stock Rights shall be granted, provided however that in no event shall Stock Rights to be granted to any non-employee director under the Plan in any calendar year exceed an aggregate grant date fair value of $400,000 except that the foregoing limitation shall not apply to awards granted (i) pursuant to an election by a non-employee director to receive the award in lieu of cash for all or a portion of cash fees to be received for service on the Board or any Committee thereof or (ii) in connection with a non-employee director initially joining the Board of Directors;

(d)Specify the terms and conditions upon which a Stock Right or Stock Rights may be granted, provided that no dividends or dividend equivalents shall be paid on any Stock Right prior to the vesting of the underlying Shares and no Stock Right shall be granted with a vesting schedule providing for exercisability or the lapsing of restrictions or repurchase rights over a period of less than one year from the date of grant. Notwithstanding the foregoing: (i) Stock Rights may be granted that do not comply with the applicable one-year minimum vesting requirement set forth above with respect to a maximum of 5% of the Shares reserved for issuance under the Plan; (ii) for purposes of counting Shares against the 5% limitation, the Share counting rules under Section 3 of the Plan apply, and (iii) nothing in this Section 4(d) shall limit the authority of the Administrator to provide for the acceleration of the exercisability of any Stock Right or the lapse of any restrictions relating to any Stock Right, except as expressly limited by Section 24(e);

(e)Determine and make any adjustments in the Performance Goals included in any Performance-Based Awards;

(f)Amend any term or condition of any outstanding Stock Right, other than reducing the exercise price or purchase price or extending the expiration date of an Option, provided that (i) such term or condition as amended is not prohibited by the Plan; (ii) any such amendment shall not impair the rights of a Participant under any Stock Right previously granted without such Participant’s consent or in the event of death of the Participant the Participant’s Survivors; and (iii) any such amendment shall be made only after the Administrator determines whether such amendment would cause any adverse tax consequences to the Participant, including, but not limited to, the annual vesting limitation contained in Section 422(d) of the Code and described in Paragraph 6(b)(iv) below with respect to ISOs and pursuant to Section 409A of the Code; and

(g)Adopt any sub-plans applicable to residents of any specified jurisdiction as it deems necessary or appropriate in order to comply with or take advantage of any tax or other laws applicable to the Company, any Affiliate or to Participants or to otherwise facilitate the administration of the Plan, which sub-plans may include additional restrictions or conditions applicable to Stock Rights or Shares issuable pursuant to a Stock Right; provided, however, that all such interpretations, rules, determinations, terms and conditions shall be made and prescribed in the context of not causing any adverse tax consequences under Section 409A of the Code and preserving the tax status under Section 422 of the Code of those Options which are designated as ISOs. Subject to the foregoing, the interpretation and construction by the Administrator of any provisions of the Plan or of any Stock Right granted under it shall be final, unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, if the Administrator is the Committee. In addition, if the Administrator is the Committee, the Board of Directors may take any action under the Plan that would otherwise be the responsibility of the Committee.

To the extent permitted under applicable law, the Board of Directors or the Committee may allocate all or any portion of its responsibilities and powers to any one or more of its members and may delegate all or any portion of its responsibilities and powers to any other person selected by it. The Board of Directors or the Committee may revoke any such allocation or delegation at any time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, only the Board of Directors or the Committee shall be authorized to grant a Stock Right to any Director of the Company or to any “officer” of the Company as defined by Rule 16a-1 under the Exchange Act.


5.	ELIGIBILITY FOR PARTICIPATION.

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The Administrator will, in its sole discretion, name the Participants in the Plan; provided, however, that each Participant must be an Employee, Director or Consultant of the Company or of an Affiliate at the time a Stock Right is granted. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Administrator may authorize the grant of a Stock Right to a person not then an Employee, Director or Consultant of the Company or of an Affiliate; provided, however, that the actual grant of such Stock Right shall be conditioned upon such person becoming eligible to become a Participant at or prior to the time of the execution of the Agreement evidencing such Stock Right. ISOs may be granted only to Employees who are deemed to be residents of the United States for tax purposes. Non‑Qualified Options, Stock Grants and Stock-Based Awards may be granted to any Employee, Director or Consultant of the Company or an Affiliate. The granting of any Stock Right to any individual shall neither entitle that individual to, nor disqualify him or her from, participation in any other grant of Stock Rights or any grant under any other benefit plan established by the Company or any Affiliate for Employees, Directors or Consultants.


6.	TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF OPTIONS.

Each Option shall be set forth in writing in an Option Agreement, duly executed by the Company and, to the extent required by law or requested by the Company, by the Participant. The Administrator may provide that Options be granted subject to such terms and conditions, consistent with the terms and conditions specifically required under this Plan, as the Administrator may deem appropriate including, without limitation, subsequent approval by the stockholders of the Company of this Plan or any amendments thereto. The Option Agreements shall be subject to at least the following terms and conditions:

(a)Non‑Qualified Options: Each Option intended to be a Non‑Qualified Option shall be subject to the terms and conditions which the Administrator determines to be appropriate and in the best interest of the Company, subject to the following minimum standards for any such Non‑Qualified Option:


(i)	Exercise Price: Each Option Agreement shall state the exercise price (per share) of the Shares covered by each Option, which exercise price shall be determined by the Administrator and shall be at least equal to the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the date of grant of the Option.


(ii)	Number of Shares: Each Option Agreement shall state the number of Shares to which it pertains.


(iii)	Vesting: Each Option Agreement shall state the date or dates on which it first is exercisable and the date after which it may no longer be exercised, and may provide that the Option rights accrue or become exercisable in installments over a period of months or years, or upon the occurrence of certain performance conditions or the attainment of stated goals or events.


(iv)	Additional Conditions: Exercise of any Option may be conditioned upon the Participant’s execution of a Share purchase agreement in form satisfactory to the Administrator providing for certain protections for the Company and its other stockholders, including requirements that:


A.	The Participant’s or the Participant’s Survivors’ right to sell or transfer the Shares may be restricted; and


B.	The Participant or the Participant’s Survivors may be required to execute letters of investment intent and must also acknowledge that the Shares will bear legends noting any applicable restrictions.


(v)	Term of Option: Each Option shall terminate not more than ten years from the date of the grant or at such earlier time as the Option Agreement may provide.

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(b)ISOs: Each Option intended to be an ISO shall be issued only to an Employee who is deemed to be a resident of the United States for tax purposes, and shall be subject to the following terms and conditions, with such additional restrictions or changes as the Administrator determines are appropriate but not in conflict with Section 422 of the Code and relevant regulations and rulings of the Internal Revenue Service:


(i)	Minimum standards: The ISO shall meet the minimum standards required of Non‑Qualified Options, as described in Paragraph 6(a) above, except clause (i) and (v) thereunder.


(ii)	Exercise Price: Immediately before the ISO is granted, if the Participant owns, directly or by reason of the applicable attribution rules in Section 424(d) of the Code:


A.	10% or less of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or an Affiliate, the exercise price per share of the Shares covered by each ISO shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value per share of the Common Stock on the date of grant of the Option; or


B.	More than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or an Affiliate, the exercise price per share of the Shares covered by each ISO shall not be less than 110% of the Fair Market Value per share of the Common Stock on the date of grant of the Option.


(iii)	Term of Option: For Participants who own:


A.	10% or less of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or an Affiliate, each ISO shall terminate not more than ten years from the date of the grant or at such earlier time as the Option Agreement may provide; or


B.	More than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or an Affiliate, each ISO shall terminate not more than five years from the date of the grant or at such earlier time as the Option Agreement may provide.

(iv)

Limitation on Yearly Exercise: The Option Agreements shall restrict the amount of ISOs which may become exercisable in any calendar year (under this or any other ISO plan of the Company or an Affiliate) so that the aggregate Fair Market Value (determined on the date each ISO is granted) of the stock with respect to which ISOs are exercisable for the first time by the Participant in any calendar year does not exceed $100,000.


7.	TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF STOCK GRANTS.

Each Stock Grant to a Participant shall state the principal terms in a Stock Grant Agreement duly executed by the Company and, to the extent required by law or requested by the Company, by the Participant. The Stock Grant Agreement shall be in a form approved by the Administrator and shall contain terms and conditions which the Administrator determines to be appropriate and in the best interest of the Company, subject to the following minimum standards:

(a)Each Stock Grant Agreement shall state the purchase price per share, if any, of the Shares covered by each Stock Grant, which purchase price shall be determined by the Administrator but shall not be less than the minimum consideration required by the laws of the state of Nevada, if any, on the date of the grant of the Stock Grant;

(b)Each Stock Grant Agreement shall state the number of Shares to which the Stock Grant pertains; and

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(c)Each Stock Grant Agreement shall include the terms of any right of the Company to restrict or reacquire the Shares subject to the Stock Grant, including the time period or attainment of Performance Goals or such other performance criteria upon which such rights shall accrue and the purchase price therefor, if any; and

(d)Dividends (other than stock dividends to be issued pursuant to Section 24 of the Plan) may accrue but shall not be paid prior to the time, and may be paid only to the extent that the restrictions or rights to reacquire the Shares subject to the Stock Grant lapse.


8.	TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF OTHER STOCK-BASED AWARDS.

The Administrator shall have the right to grant other Stock-Based Awards based upon the Common Stock having such terms and conditions as the Administrator may determine, including, without limitation, the grant of Shares based upon certain conditions, the grant of securities convertible into Shares and the grant of stock appreciation rights, phantom stock awards or stock units. The principal terms of each Stock-Based Award shall be set forth in a Stock-Based Award Agreement, duly executed by the Company and, to the extent required by law or requested by the Company, by the Participant. The Stock-Based Award Agreement shall be in a form approved by the Administrator and shall contain terms and conditions which the Administrator determines to be appropriate and in the best interest of the Company. Each Stock-Based Award Agreement shall include the terms of any right of the Company including the right to terminate the Stock-Based Award without the issuance of Shares, the terms of any vesting conditions, Performance Goals or events upon which Shares shall be issued, provided that dividends (other than stock dividends to be issued pursuant to Section 24 of the Plan) or dividend equivalents may accrue but shall not be paid prior to and may be paid only to the extent that the Shares subject to the Stock-Based Award vest. Under no circumstances may the Agreement covering stock appreciation rights (a) have an exercise price (per share) that is less than the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the date of grant or (b) expire more than ten years following the date of grant.

The Company intends that the Plan and any Stock-Based Awards granted hereunder be exempt from the application of Section 409A of the Code or meet the requirements of paragraphs (2), (3) and (4) of subsection (a) of Section 409A of the Code, to the extent applicable, and be operated in accordance with Section 409A so that any compensation deferred under any Stock-Based Award (and applicable investment earnings) shall not be included in income under Section 409A of the Code. Any ambiguities in the Plan shall be construed to effect the intent as described in this Paragraph 8.

9.PERFORMANCE BASED AWARDS.

The Committee shall determine whether, with respect to a performance period, the applicable Performance Goals have been met with respect to a given Participant and, if they have, to so certify and ascertain the amount of the applicable Performance-Based Award. No Performance-Based Awards will be issued for such performance period until such certification is made by the Committee. The number of Shares issued in respect of a Performance-Based Award determined by the Committee for a performance period shall be paid to the Participant at such time as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion after the end of such performance period, and any dividends (other than stock dividends to be issued pursuant to Section 24 of the Plan) or dividend equivalents that accrue shall only be paid in respect of the number of Shares earned in respect of such Performance-Based Award.


10.	EXERCISE OF OPTIONS AND ISSUE OF SHARES.

An Option (or any part or installment thereof) shall be exercised by giving written notice to the Company or its designee (in a form acceptable to the Administrator, which may include electronic notice), together with provision for payment of the aggregate exercise price in accordance with this Paragraph 10 for the Shares as to which the Option is being exercised, and upon compliance with any other condition(s) set forth in the Option Agreement. Such notice shall be signed by the person exercising the Option (which signature may be provided electronically in a form acceptable to the Administrator), shall state the number of Shares with respect to which the Option is being exercised and shall contain any representation required by the Plan or the Option Agreement. Payment of the exercise price for the Shares as to which such Option is being exercised shall be made (a) in United States dollars in cash or by check, or (b) at the discretion of the Administrator, through delivery of shares of Common Stock held for at least six months (if required

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to avoid negative accounting treatment) having a Fair Market Value equal as of the date of the exercise to the aggregate cash exercise price for the number of Shares as to which the Option is being exercised, or (c) at the discretion of the Administrator, by having the Company retain from the Shares otherwise issuable upon exercise of the Option, a number of Shares having a Fair Market Value equal as of the date of exercise to the aggregate exercise price for the number of Shares as to which the Option is being exercised, or (d) at the discretion of the Administrator, in accordance with a cashless exercise program established with a securities brokerage firm, and approved by the Administrator, or (e) at the discretion of the Administrator, by any combination of (a), (b), (c) and (d) above or (f) at the discretion of the Administrator, by payment of such other lawful consideration as the Administrator may determine. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Administrator shall accept only such payment on exercise of an ISO as is permitted by Section 422 of the Code.

The Company shall then reasonably promptly deliver the Shares as to which such Option was exercised to the Participant (or to the Participant’s Survivors, as the case may be). In determining what constitutes “reasonably promptly,” it is expressly understood that the issuance and delivery of the Shares may be delayed by the Company in order to comply with any law or regulation (including, without limitation, state securities or “blue sky” laws) which requires the Company to take any action with respect to the Shares prior to their issuance. The Shares shall, upon delivery, be fully paid, non-assessable Shares.


11.	PAYMENT IN CONNECTION WITH THE ISSUANCE OF STOCK GRANTS AND STOCK-BASED AWARDS AND ISSUE OF SHARES.

Any Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award requiring payment of a purchase price for the Shares as to which such Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award is being granted shall be made (a) in United States dollars in cash or by check, or (b) at the discretion of the Administrator, through delivery of shares of Common Stock held for at least six months (if required to avoid negative accounting treatment) and having a Fair Market Value equal as of the date of payment to the purchase price of the Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award, or (c) at the discretion of the Administrator, by any combination of (a) and (b) above; or (d) at the discretion of the Administrator, by payment of such other lawful consideration as the Administrator may determine.

The Company shall when required by the applicable Agreement, reasonably promptly deliver the Shares as to which such Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award was made to the Participant (or to the Participant’s Survivors, as the case may be), subject to any escrow provision set forth in the applicable Agreement. In determining what constitutes “reasonably promptly,” it is expressly understood that the issuance and delivery of the Shares may be delayed by the Company in order to comply with any law or regulation (including, without limitation, state securities or “blue sky” laws) which requires the Company to take any action with respect to the Shares prior to their issuance.


12.	RIGHTS AS A STOCKHOLDER.

No Participant to whom a Stock Right has been granted shall have rights as a stockholder with respect to any Shares covered by such Stock Right except after due exercise of an Option or issuance of Shares as set forth in any Agreement, tender of the aggregate exercise or purchase price, if any, for the Shares being purchased and registration of the Shares in the Company’s share register in the name of the Participant.


13.	ASSIGNABILITY AND TRANSFERABILITY OF STOCK RIGHTS.

By its terms, a Stock Right granted to a Participant shall not be transferable by the Participant other than (i) by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, or (ii) as approved by the Administrator in its discretion and set forth in the applicable Agreement provided that no Stock Right may be transferred by a Participant for value. Notwithstanding the foregoing, an ISO transferred except in compliance with clause (i) above shall no longer qualify as an ISO. The designation of a beneficiary of a Stock Right by a Participant, with the prior approval of the Administrator and in such form as the Administrator shall prescribe, shall not be deemed a transfer prohibited by this Paragraph 13. Except as provided above during the Participant’s lifetime a Stock Right shall only be exercisable by or issued to such Participant (or his or her legal representative) and shall not be assigned, pledged or hypothecated in any way (whether by operation of law or otherwise) and shall not be subject to execution, attachment or similar process. Any attempted transfer,

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assignment, pledge, hypothecation or other disposition of any Stock Right or of any rights granted thereunder contrary to the provisions of this Plan, or the levy of any attachment or similar process upon a Stock Right, shall be null and void.


14.	EFFECT ON OPTIONS OF TERMINATION OF SERVICE OTHER THAN FOR CAUSE OR DEATH OR DISABILITY.

Except as otherwise provided in a Participant’s Option Agreement, in the event of a termination of service (whether as an Employee, Director or Consultant) with the Company or an Affiliate before the Participant has exercised an Option, the following rules apply:

(a)A Participant who ceases to be an Employee, Director or Consultant of the Company or of an Affiliate (for any reason other than termination for Cause, Disability, or death for which events there are special rules in Paragraphs 15, 16, and 17, respectively), may exercise any Option granted to him or her to the extent that the Option is exercisable on the date of such termination of service, but only within such term as the Administrator has designated in a Participant’s Option Agreement.

(b)Except as provided in Subparagraph (c) below, or Paragraph 16 or 17, in no event may an Option intended to be an ISO, be exercised later than three months after the Participant’s termination of employment.

(c)The provisions of this Paragraph 14, and not the provisions of Paragraph 16 or 17, shall apply to a Participant who subsequently becomes Disabled or dies after the termination of employment, director status or consultancy; provided, however, in the case of a Participant’s Disability or death within three months after the termination of employment, director status or consultancy, the Participant or the Participant’s Survivors may exercise the Option within one year after the date of the Participant’s termination of service, but in no event after the date of expiration of the term of the Option.

(d)Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if subsequent to a Participant’s termination of employment, termination of director status or termination of consultancy, but prior to the exercise of an Option, the Administrator determines that, either prior or subsequent to the Participant’s termination, the Participant engaged in conduct which would constitute Cause, then such Participant shall forthwith cease to have any right to exercise any Option.

(e)A Participant to whom an Option has been granted under the Plan who is absent from the Company or an Affiliate because of temporary disability (any disability other than a Disability as defined in Paragraph 1 hereof), or who is on leave of absence for any purpose, shall not, during the period of any such absence, be deemed, by virtue of such absence alone, to have terminated such Participant’s employment, director status or consultancy with the Company or with an Affiliate, except as the Administrator may otherwise expressly provide; provided, however, that, for ISOs, any leave of absence granted by the Administrator of greater than ninety days, unless pursuant to a contract or statute that guarantees the right to reemployment, shall cause such ISO to become a Non-Qualified Option on the 181^st day following such leave of absence.

(f)Except as required by law or as set forth in a Participant’s Option Agreement, Options granted under the Plan shall not be affected by any change of a Participant’s status within or among the Company and any Affiliates, so long as the Participant continues to be an Employee, director or Consultant of the Company or any Affiliate.


15.	EFFECT ON OPTIONS OF TERMINATION OF SERVICE FOR CAUSE.

Except as otherwise provided in a Participant’s Option Agreement, the following rules apply if the Participant’s service (whether as an Employee, director or Consultant) with the Company or an Affiliate is terminated for Cause prior to the time that all his or her outstanding Options have been exercised:

(a)All outstanding and unexercised Options as of the time the Participant is notified his or her service is terminated for Cause will immediately be forfeited.

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(b)Cause is not limited to events which have occurred prior to a Participant’s termination of service, nor is it necessary that the Administrator’s finding of Cause occur prior to termination. If the Administrator determines, subsequent to a Participant’s termination of service but prior to the exercise of an Option, that either prior or subsequent to the Participant’s termination the Participant engaged in conduct which would constitute Cause, then the right to exercise any Option is forfeited.


16.	EFFECT ON OPTIONS OF TERMINATION OF SERVICE FOR DISABILITY.

Except as otherwise provided in a Participant’s Option Agreement:

(a)A Participant who ceases to be an Employee, director or Consultant of the Company or of an Affiliate by reason of Disability may exercise any Option granted to such Participant:


(i)	To the extent that the Option has become exercisable but has not been exercised on the date of the Participant’s termination of service due to Disability; and

(ii)

In the event rights to exercise the Option accrue periodically, to the extent of a pro rata portion through the date of the Participant’s termination of service due to Disability of any additional vesting rights that would have accrued on the next vesting date had the Participant not become Disabled. The proration shall be based upon the number of days accrued in the current vesting period prior to the date of the Participant’s termination of service due to Disability.

(b)A Disabled Participant may exercise the Option only within the period ending one year after the date of the Participant’s termination of service due to Disability, notwithstanding that the Participant might have been able to exercise the Option as to some or all of the Shares on a later date if the Participant had not been terminated due to Disability and had continued to be an Employee, director or Consultant or, if earlier, within the originally prescribed term of the Option.

(c)The Administrator shall make the determination both of whether Disability has occurred and the date of its occurrence (unless a procedure for such determination is set forth in another agreement between the Company and such Participant, in which case such procedure shall be used for such determination). If requested, the Participant shall be examined by a physician selected or approved by the Administrator, the cost of which examination shall be paid for by the Company.


17.	EFFECT ON OPTIONS OF DEATH WHILE AN EMPLOYEE, DIRECTOR OR CONSULTANT.

Except as otherwise provided in a Participant’s Option Agreement:

(a)In the event of the death of a Participant while the Participant is an Employee, director or Consultant of the Company or of an Affiliate, such Option may be exercised by the Participant’s Survivors:


(i)	To the extent that the Option has become exercisable but has not been exercised on the date of death; and


(ii)	In the event rights to exercise the Option accrue periodically, to the extent of a pro rata portion through the date of death of any additional vesting rights that would have accrued on the next vesting date had the Participant not died. The proration shall be based upon the number of days accrued in the current vesting period prior to the Participant’s date of death.

(b)If the Participant’s Survivors wish to exercise the Option, they must take all necessary steps to exercise the Option within one year after the date of death of such Participant, notwithstanding that the decedent might have been able to exercise the Option as to some or all of the Shares on a later date if he or she had not died and had continued to be an Employee, director or Consultant or, if earlier, within the originally prescribed term of the Option.

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18.	EFFECT OF TERMINATION OF SERVICE ON STOCK GRANTS AND STOCK-BASED AWARDS.

In the event of a termination of service (whether as an Employee, Director or Consultant) with the Company or an Affiliate for any reason before the Participant has accepted a Stock Grant or a Stock-Based Award and paid the purchase price, if required, such grant shall terminate.

For purposes of this Paragraph 18, a Participant to whom a Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award has been issued under the Plan who is absent from work with the Company or with an Affiliate because of temporary disability (any disability other than a Disability as defined in Paragraph 1 hereof), or who is on leave of absence for any purpose, shall not, during the period of any such absence, be deemed, by virtue of such absence alone, to have terminated such Participant’s employment, director status or consultancy with the Company or with an Affiliate, except as the Administrator may otherwise expressly provide.

In addition, for purposes of this Paragraph 18 any change of employment or other service within or among the Company and any Affiliates shall not be treated as a termination of employment, director status or consultancy so long as the Participant continues to be an Employee, Director or Consultant of the Company or any Affiliate.

Except as otherwise provided in a Participant’s Agreement, in the event of a termination of service for any reason (whether as an Employee, Director or Consultant), other than termination for Cause, death or Disability for which there are special rules in Paragraphs 19, 20, and 21 below, before all forfeiture provisions or Company rights of repurchase shall have lapsed, then the Company shall have the right to cancel or repurchase that number of Shares subject to a Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award as to which the Company’s forfeiture or repurchase rights have not lapsed.


19.	EFFECT ON STOCK GRANTS AND STOCK-BASED AWARDS OF TERMINATION OF SERVICE FOR CAUSE.

Except as otherwise provided in a Participant’s Agreement, the following rules apply if the Participant’s service (whether as an Employee, Director or Consultant) with the Company or an Affiliate is terminated for Cause:

(a)All Shares subject to any Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award that remain subject to forfeiture provisions or as to which the Company shall have a repurchase right shall be immediately forfeited to the Company as of the time the Participant is notified his or her service is terminated for Cause.

(b)Cause is not limited to events which have occurred prior to a Participant’s termination of service, nor is it necessary that the Administrator’s finding of Cause occur prior to termination. If the Administrator determines, subsequent to a Participant’s termination of service, that either prior or subsequent to the Participant’s termination the Participant engaged in conduct which would constitute Cause, then all Shares subject to any Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award that remained subject to forfeiture provisions or as to which the Company had a repurchase right on the date of termination shall be immediately forfeited to the Company.


20.	EFFECT ON STOCK GRANTS AND STOCK-BASED AWARDS OF TERMINATION OF SERVICE FOR DISABILITY.

Except as otherwise provided in a Participant’s Agreement, the following rules apply if a Participant ceases to be an Employee, Director or Consultant of the Company or of an Affiliate by reason of Disability: to the extent the forfeiture provisions or the Company’s rights of repurchase have not lapsed on the date of Disability, they shall be exercisable; provided, however, that in the event such forfeiture provisions or rights of repurchase lapse periodically, such provisions or rights shall lapse to the extent of a pro rata portion of the Shares subject to such Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award through the date of Disability as would have lapsed had the Participant not become Disabled. The proration shall be based upon the number of days accrued prior to the date of Disability.

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The Administrator shall make the determination both as to whether Disability has occurred and the date of its occurrence (unless a procedure for such determination is set forth in another agreement between the Company and such Participant, in which case such procedure shall be used for such determination). If requested, the Participant shall be examined by a physician selected or approved by the Administrator, the cost of which examination shall be paid for by the Company.


21.	EFFECT ON STOCK GRANTS AND STOCK-BASED AWARDS OF DEATH WHILE AN EMPLOYEE, DIRECTOR OR CONSULTANT.

Except as otherwise provided in a Participant’s Agreement, the following rules apply in the event of the death of a Participant while the Participant is an Employee, Director or Consultant of the Company or of an Affiliate: to the extent the forfeiture provisions or the Company’s rights of repurchase have not lapsed on the date of death, they shall be exercisable; provided, however, that in the event such forfeiture provisions or rights of repurchase lapse periodically, such provisions or rights shall lapse to the extent of a pro rata portion of the Shares subject to such Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award through the date of death as would have lapsed had the Participant not died. The proration shall be based upon the number of days accrued prior to the Participant’s date of death.


22.	PURCHASE FOR INVESTMENT.

Unless the offering and sale of the Shares shall have been effectively registered under the Securities Act, the Company shall be under no obligation to issue Shares under the Plan unless and until the following conditions have been fulfilled:

(a)The person who receives a Stock Right shall warrant to the Company, prior to the receipt of Shares, that such person is acquiring such Shares for his or her own account, for investment, and not with a view to, or for sale in connection with, the distribution of any such Shares, in which event the person acquiring such Shares shall be bound by the provisions of the following legend (or a legend in substantially similar form) which shall be endorsed upon the certificate evidencing the Shares issued pursuant to such exercise or such grant of a Stock Right:

“The shares represented by this certificate have been taken for investment and they may not be sold or otherwise transferred by any person, including a pledgee, unless (1) either (a) a Registration Statement with respect to such shares shall be effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or (b) the Company shall have received an opinion of counsel satisfactory to it that an exemption from registration under such Act is then available, and (2) there shall have been compliance with all applicable state securities laws.”

(b)At the discretion of the Administrator, the Company shall have received an opinion of its counsel that the Shares may be issued in compliance with the Securities Act without registration thereunder.


23.	DISSOLUTION OR LIQUIDATION OF THE COMPANY.

Upon the dissolution or liquidation of the Company, all Options granted under this Plan which as of such date shall not have been exercised and all Stock Grants and Stock-Based Awards which have not been accepted, to the extent required under the applicable Agreement, will terminate and become null and void; provided, however, that if the rights of a Participant or a Participant’s Survivors have not otherwise terminated and expired, the Participant or the Participant’s Survivors will have the right immediately prior to such dissolution or liquidation to exercise or accept any Stock Right to the extent that the Stock Right is exercisable or subject to acceptance as of the date immediately prior to such dissolution or liquidation. Upon the dissolution or liquidation of the Company, any outstanding Stock-Based Awards shall immediately terminate unless otherwise determined by the Administrator or specifically provided in the applicable Agreement.


24.	ADJUSTMENTS.

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Upon the occurrence of any of the following events, a Participant’s rights with respect to any Stock Right granted to him or her hereunder shall be adjusted as hereinafter provided, unless otherwise specifically provided in a Participant’s Agreement.

(a) Stock Dividends and Stock Splits. If (i) the shares of Common Stock shall be subdivided or combined into a greater or smaller number of shares or if the Company shall issue any shares of Common Stock as a stock dividend on its outstanding Common Stock, or (ii) additional shares or new or different shares or other securities of the Company or other non-cash assets are distributed with respect to such shares of Common Stock, each Stock Right and the number of shares of Common Stock deliverable thereunder shall be appropriately increased or decreased proportionately, and appropriate adjustments shall be made including, in the exercise or purchase price per share and the Performance Goals applicable to outstanding Performance-Based Awards, to reflect such events. The number of Shares subject to the limitations in Paragraph 3(a) and 4(c) shall also be proportionately adjusted upon the occurrence of such events.

(b) Corporate Transactions. If the Company is to be consolidated with or acquired by another entity in a merger, consolidation, or sale of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets other than a transaction to merely change the state of incorporation (a “Corporate Transaction”), the Administrator or the board of directors of any entity assuming the obligations of the Company hereunder (the “Successor Board”), shall, as to outstanding Options, either (i) make appropriate provision for the continuation of such Options by substituting on an equitable basis for the Shares then subject to such Options either the consideration payable with respect to the outstanding shares of Common Stock in connection with the Corporate Transaction or securities of any successor or acquiring entity; or (ii) upon written notice to the Participants, provide that such Options must be exercised (either (A) to the extent then exercisable or, (B) at the discretion of the Administrator, any such Options being made partially or fully exercisable for purposes of this Subparagraph), within a specified number of days of the date of such notice, at the end of which period such Options which have not been exercised shall terminate; or (iii) terminate such Options in exchange for payment of an amount equal to the consideration payable upon consummation of such Corporate Transaction to a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock into which such Option would have been exercisable (either (A) to the extent then exercisable or, (B) at the discretion of the Administrator, any such Options being made partially or fully exercisable for purposes of this Subparagraph) less the aggregate exercise price thereof. For purposes of determining the payments to be made pursuant to Subclause (iii) above, in the case of a Corporate Transaction the consideration for which, in whole or in part, is other than cash, the consideration other than cash shall be valued at the fair value thereof as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors.

With respect to outstanding Stock Grants, the Administrator or the Successor Board, shall make appropriate provision for the continuation of such Stock Grants on the same terms and conditions by substituting on an equitable basis for the Shares then subject to such Stock Grants either the consideration payable with respect to the outstanding Shares of Common Stock in connection with the Corporate Transaction or securities of any successor or acquiring entity. In lieu of the foregoing, in connection with any Corporate Transaction, the Administrator may provide that, upon consummation of the Corporate Transaction, each outstanding Stock Grant shall be terminated in exchange for payment of an amount equal to the consideration payable upon consummation of such Corporate Transaction to a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock comprising such Stock Grant (to the extent such Stock Grant is no longer subject to any forfeiture or repurchase rights then in effect or, at the discretion of the Administrator, all forfeiture and repurchase rights being waived upon such Corporate Transaction).

In taking any of the actions permitted under this Paragraph 24(b), the Administrator shall not be obligated by the Plan to treat all Stock Rights, all Stock Rights held by a Participant, or all Stock Rights of the same type, identically.

(c) Recapitalization or Reorganization. In the event of a recapitalization or reorganization of the Company other than a Corporate Transaction pursuant to which securities of the Company or of another corporation are issued with respect to the outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Participant upon exercising an Option or accepting a Stock Grant after the recapitalization or reorganization shall be entitled to receive for the price paid upon such exercise or acceptance if any, the number of replacement securities which would have been received if such Option had been exercised or Stock Grant accepted prior to such recapitalization or reorganization.

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(d) Adjustments to Stock-Based Awards. Upon the happening of any of the events described in Subparagraphs (a), (b) or (c) above, any outstanding Stock-Based Award shall be appropriately adjusted to reflect the events described in such Subparagraphs. The Administrator or the Successor Board shall determine the specific adjustments to be made under this Paragraph 24, including, but not limited to the effect of any, Corporate Transaction and, subject to Paragraph 4, its determination shall be conclusive.

(e) Modification of Options. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any adjustments made pursuant to Subparagraph (a), (b) or (c) above with respect to Options shall be made only after the Administrator determines whether such adjustments would (i) constitute a “modification” of any ISOs (as that term is defined in Section 424(h) of the Code) or (ii) cause any adverse tax consequences for the holders of Options, including, but not limited to, pursuant to Section 409A of the Code. If the Administrator determines that such adjustments made with respect to Options would constitute a modification or other adverse tax consequence, it may refrain from making such adjustments, unless the holder of an Option specifically agrees in writing that such adjustment be made and such writing indicates that the holder has full knowledge of the consequences of such “modification” on his or her income tax treatment with respect to the Option. This paragraph shall not apply to the acceleration of the vesting of any ISO that would cause any portion of the ISO to violate the annual vesting limitation contained in Section 422(d) of the Code, as described in Paragraph 6(b)(iv).


25.	ISSUANCES OF SECURITIES.

Except as expressly provided herein, no issuance by the Company of shares of stock of any class, or securities convertible into shares of stock of any class, shall affect, and no adjustment by reason thereof shall be made with respect to, the number or price of shares subject to Stock Rights. Except as expressly provided herein, no adjustments shall be made for dividends paid in cash or in property (including without limitation, securities) of the Company prior to any issuance of Shares pursuant to a Stock Right.


26.	FRACTIONAL SHARES.

No fractional shares shall be issued under the Plan and the person exercising a Stock Right shall receive from the Company cash in lieu of such fractional shares equal to the Fair Market Value thereof.


27.	CONVERSION OF ISOs INTO NON‑QUALIFIED OPTIONS; TERMINATION OF ISOs.

The Administrator, at the written request of any Participant, may in its discretion take such actions as may be necessary to convert such Participant’s ISOs (or any portions thereof) that have not been exercised on the date of conversion into Non‑Qualified Options at any time prior to the expiration of such ISOs, regardless of whether the Participant is an Employee of the Company or an Affiliate at the time of such conversion. At the time of such conversion, the Administrator (with the consent of the Participant) may impose such conditions on the exercise of the resulting Non‑Qualified Options as the Administrator in its discretion may determine, provided that such conditions shall not be inconsistent with this Plan. Nothing in the Plan shall be deemed to give any Participant the right to have such Participant’s ISOs converted into Non‑Qualified Options, and no such conversion shall occur until and unless the Administrator takes appropriate action. The Administrator, with the consent of the Participant, may also terminate any portion of any ISO that has not been exercised at the time of such conversion.


28.	WITHHOLDING.

In the event that any federal, state, or local income taxes, employment taxes, Federal Insurance Contributions Act (“F.I.C.A.”) withholdings or other amounts are required by applicable law or governmental regulation to be withheld from the Participant’s salary, wages or other remuneration in connection with the issuance of a Stock Right or Shares under the Plan or for any other reason required by law, the Company may withhold from the Participant’s compensation, if any, or may require that the Participant advance in cash to the Company, or to any Affiliate of the Company which employs or employed the Participant, the statutory minimum amount of such withholdings unless a different withholding arrangement, including the use of shares of the Company’s Common Stock or a promissory note, is authorized by the Administrator (and permitted by law). For purposes hereof, the fair market value of the shares withheld for purposes

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of payroll withholding shall be determined in the manner set forth under the definition of Fair Market Value provided in Paragraph 1 above, as of the most recent practicable date prior to the date of exercise. If the Fair Market Value of the shares withheld is less than the amount of payroll withholdings required, the Participant may be required to advance the difference in cash to the Company or the Affiliate employer. The Administrator in its discretion may condition the exercise of an Option for less than the then Fair Market Value on the Participant’s payment of such additional withholding.


29.	NOTICE TO COMPANY OF DISQUALIFYING DISPOSITION.

Each Employee who receives an ISO must agree to notify the Company in writing immediately after the Employee makes a Disqualifying Disposition of any Shares acquired pursuant to the exercise of an ISO. A Disqualifying Disposition is defined in Section 424(c) of the Code and includes any disposition (including any sale or gift) of such Shares before the later of (a) two years after the date the Employee was granted the ISO, or (b) one year after the date the Employee acquired Shares by exercising the ISO, except as otherwise provided in Section 424(c) of the Code. If the Employee has died before such Shares are sold, these holding period requirements do not apply and no Disqualifying Disposition can occur thereafter.


30.	TERMINATION OF THE PLAN.

The Plan will terminate on June 7, 2028,the date which is ten years from the earlier of the date of its adoption by the Board of Directors and the date of its approval by the stockholders of the Company. The Plan may be terminated at an earlier date by vote of the stockholders or the Board of Directors of the Company; provided, however, that any such earlier termination shall not affect any Agreements executed prior to the effective date of such termination. Termination of the Plan shall not affect any Stock Rights theretofore granted.


31.	AMENDMENT OF THE PLAN AND AGREEMENTS.

The Plan may be amended by the stockholders of the Company. The Plan may also be amended by the Administrator, provided that any amendment approved by the Administrator which the Administrator determines is of a scope that requires stockholder approval shall be subject to obtaining such stockholder approval including, without limitation, to the extent necessary to qualify any or all outstanding Stock Rights granted under the Plan or Stock Rights to be granted under the Plan for favorable federal income tax treatment as may be afforded incentive stock options under Section 422 of the Code and to the extent necessary to qualify the Shares issuable under the Plan for listing on any national securities exchange or quotation in any national automated quotation system of securities dealers. Other than as set forth in Paragraph 24 of the Plan, the Administrator may not without stockholder approval reduce the exercise price of an Option or cancel any outstanding Option in exchange for a replacement option having a lower exercise price, any Stock Grant, any other Stock-Based Award or for cash. In addition, the Administrator not take any other action that is considered a direct or indirect “repricing” for purposes of the stockholder approval rules of the applicable securities exchange or inter-dealer quotation system on which the Shares are listed, including any other action that is treated as a repricing under generally accepted accounting principles. Any modification or amendment of the Plan shall not, without the consent of a Participant, adversely affect his or her rights under a Stock Right previously granted to him or her, unless such amendment is required by applicable law or necessary to preserve the economic value of such Stock Right. With the consent of the Participant affected, the Administrator may amend outstanding Agreements in a manner which may be adverse to the Participant but which is not inconsistent with the Plan. In the discretion of the Administrator, outstanding Agreements may be amended by the Administrator in a manner which is not adverse to the Participant. Nothing in this Paragraph 31 shall limit the Administrator’s authority to take any action permitted pursuant to Paragraph 24.


32.	EMPLOYMENT OR OTHER RELATIONSHIP.

Nothing in this Plan or any Agreement referred herein shall be deemed to prevent the Company or an Affiliate from terminating the employment, consultancy or director status of a Participant, nor to prevent a Participant from terminating his or her own employment, consultancy or director status or to give any Participant a right to be retained in employment or other service by the Company or any Affiliate for any period of time.

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33.	SECTION 409A.

If a Participant is a “specified employee” as defined in Section 409A of the Code (and as applied according to procedures of the Company and its Affiliates) as of his separation from service, to the extent any payment under this Plan or pursuant to the grant of a Stock-Based Award constitutes deferred compensation (after taking into account any applicable exemptions from Section 409A of the Code), and to the extent required by Section 409A of the Code, no payments due under this Plan or pursuant to a Stock-Based Award may be made until the earlier of: (i) the first day of the seventh month following the Participant’s separation from service, or (ii) the Participant’s date of death; provided, however, that any payments delayed during this six-month period shall be paid in the aggregate in a lump sum, without interest, on the first day of the seventh month following the Participant’s separation from service.

The Administrator shall administer the Plan with a view toward ensuring that Stock Rights under the Plan that are subject to Section 409A of the Code comply with the requirements thereof and that Options under the Plan be exempt from the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, but neither the Administrator nor any member of the Board, nor the Company nor any of its Affiliates, nor any other person acting hereunder on behalf of the Company, the Administrator or the Board shall be liable to a Participant or any Survivor by reason of the acceleration of any income, or the imposition of any additional tax or penalty, with respect to a Stock Right, whether by reason of a failure to satisfy the requirements of Section 409A of the Code or otherwise.


34.	CLAWBACK.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Plan, the Company may recover from a Participant any compensation received from any Stock Right (whether or not settled) or cause a Participant to forfeit any Stock Right (whether or not vested) in the event that the Company’s Clawback Policy then in effect is triggered.


35.	GOVERNING LAW.

This Plan shall be construed and enforced in accordance with the law of the state of Nevada, without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof.

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Exhibit B

PIERIS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

2018 EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN

The following constitute the provisions of the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “Plan”) of Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the “Company”).

1. Purpose. The purpose of the Plan is to provide Employees of the Company and its Designated Subsidiaries with an opportunity to purchase Common Stock of the Company. It is the intention of the Company to have the Plan qualify as an “Employee Stock Purchase Plan” under Section 423 of the Code. The provisions of the Plan shall, accordingly, be construed so as to extend and limit participation in a manner consistent with the requirements of that section of the Code.

2. Definitions.

(a) “Board” shall mean the Board of Directors of the Company, or a committee of the Board of Directors named by the Board to administer the Plan.

(b) “Code” shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

(d) “Company” shall mean Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Nevada corporation.

(e) “Compensation” shall mean the regular rate of salary or wages received by the Employee from the Company or a Designated Subsidiary that is taxable income for federal income tax purposes or applicable tax law, but excluding incentive compensation, incentive payments, bonuses, commissions, relocation, expense reimbursements, tuition or other reimbursements or compensation received from the Company or a Designated Subsidiary.

(f) “Continuous Status as an Employee” shall mean the absence of any interruption or termination of service as an Employee. Continuous Status as an Employee shall not be considered interrupted in the case of a leave of absence agreed to in writing by the Company, provided that such leave is for a period of not more than ninety (90) days or reemployment upon the expiration of such leave is guaranteed by contract or statute.

(g) “Contributions” shall mean all amounts credited to the account of a participant pursuant to the Plan.

(h) “Designated Subsidiaries” shall mean the Subsidiaries which have been designated by the Board from time to time in its sole discretion as eligible to participate in the Plan.

(i) “Employee” shall mean any person who is employed by the Company or one of its Designated Subsidiaries for tax purposes and, with respect to the Company, who is customarily employed for at least twenty (20) hours per week and more than five (5) months in a calendar year.

(j) “Exercise Date” shall mean the last business day of each Offering Period of the Plan.

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(k) “Exercise Price” shall mean with respect to an Offering Period, an amount equal to 85% of the fair market value (as defined in Paragraph 7(b)) of a share of Common Stock on the Offering Date or on the Exercise Date, whichever is lower.

(l) “Offering Date” shall mean the first business day of each Offering Period of the Plan.

(m) “Offering Period” shall mean a period of six months as set forth in Paragraph 4 of the Plan.

(n) “Plan” shall mean this Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

(o) “Subsidiary” shall mean a corporation, domestic or foreign, of which not less than 50% of the voting shares are held by the Company or a Subsidiary, whether or not such corporation now exists or is hereafter organized or acquired by the Company or a Subsidiary.

3. Eligibility.

(a) Any person who has been continuously employed as an Employee for one (1) month as of the Offering Date of a given Offering Period shall be eligible to participate in such Offering Period under the Plan and further, subject to the requirements of Paragraph 5(a) and the limitations imposed by Section 423(b) of the Code. All Employees granted options under the Plan with respect to any Offering Period will have the same rights and privileges except for any differences that may be permitted pursuant to Section 423.

(b) Any provisions of the Plan to the contrary notwithstanding, no Employee shall be granted an option under the Plan (i) if, immediately after the grant, such Employee (or any other person whose stock would be attributed to such Employee pursuant to Section 424(d) of the Code) would own stock and/or hold outstanding options to purchase stock possessing five percent (5%) or more of the total combined voting power or value of all classes of stock of the Company or of any Subsidiary of the Company or (ii) which permits his or her rights to purchase stock under all employee stock purchase plans (described in Section 423 of the Code) of the Company and its Subsidiaries to accrue at a rate which exceeds $25,000 of fair market value of such stock as defined in Paragraph 7(b) (determined at the time such option is granted) for each calendar year in which such option is outstanding at any time. In addition, the maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be purchased by any participant during an Offering Period shall equal $25,000 divided by the fair market value of the Common Stock on the first trading day of such Offering Period, which price shall be adjusted if the price per share is adjusted pursuant to Section 18. Any option granted under the Plan shall be deemed to be modified to the extent necessary to satisfy this Paragraph 3(b).

4. Offering Periods. The Plan shall be implemented by a series of Offering Periods, with a new Offering Period commencing on June 1 and December 1 of each year or the first business day thereafter (or at such other time or times as may be determined by the Board). The initial Offering Period shall commence on December 1, 2018.

5. Participation.

(a) An eligible Employee may become a participant in the Plan by completing an Enrollment Form provided by the Company and filing it with the Company or its designee at least fifteen (15) days prior to the applicable Offering Date, unless a later time for filing the Enrollment Form is set by the Board for all eligible Employees with respect to a given Offering Period. The Enrollment Form and its

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submission may be electronic as directed by the Company. The Enrollment Form shall set forth the percentage of the participant’s Compensation (which shall be not less than one percent (1%) and not more than ten percent (10%) to be paid as Contributions pursuant to the Plan.

(b) Payroll deductions shall commence with the first payroll following the Offering Date, unless a later time is set by the Board with respect to a given Offering Period, and shall end on the last payroll paid on or prior to the Exercise Date of the Offering Period to which the Enrollment Form is applicable, unless sooner terminated as provided in Paragraph 10.

6. Method of Payment of Contributions.

(a) Each participant shall elect to have payroll deductions made on each payroll during the Offering Period in an amount not less than one percent (1%) and not more than ten percent ten percent (10%) of such participant’s Compensation on each such payroll (or such other percentage as the Board may establish from time to time before an Offering Date). All payroll deductions made by a participant shall be credited to his or her account under the Plan. A participant may not make any additional payments into such account.

(b) A participant may discontinue his or her participation in the Plan as provided in Paragraph 10, or, on one occasion only during the Offering Period, may decrease, but may not increase, the rate of his or her Contributions during the Offering Period by completing and filing with the Company a new Enrollment Form authorizing a change in the deduction rate. The change in rate shall be effective as of the beginning of the next payroll period following the date of filing of the new Enrollment Form, if the Enrollment Form is completed at least ten business days prior to such date, and, if not, as of the beginning of the next succeeding payroll period.

(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent necessary to comply with Section 423(b)(8) of the Code and Paragraph 3(b), a participant’s payroll deductions may be decreased to 0% at such time during any Offering Period which is scheduled to end during the current calendar year that the aggregate of all payroll deductions accumulated with respect to such Offering Period and any other Offering Period ending within the same calendar year equals $21,250. Payroll deductions shall recommence at the rate provided in such participant’s Enrollment Form at the beginning of the first Offering Period which is scheduled to end in the following calendar year, unless terminated by the participant as provided in Paragraph 10.

7. Grant of Option.

(a) On the Offering Date of each Offering Period, each eligible Employee participating in such Offering Period shall be granted an option to purchase on the Exercise Date of such Offering Period a number of shares of the Common Stock determined by dividing such Employee’s Contributions accumulated prior to such Exercise Date and retained in the participant’s account as of the Exercise Date by the applicable Exercise Price; provided however, that such purchase shall be subject to the limitations set forth in Paragraphs 3(b) and 12. The fair market value of a share of the Common Stock shall be determined as provided in Paragraph 7(b).

(b) The fair market value of the Common Stock on a given date shall be (i) if the Common Stock is listed on a national securities exchange or traded in the over-the-counter market and sales prices are regularly reported for the Common Stock, the closing or last sale price of the Common Stock for such date (or, in the event that the Common Stock is not traded on such date, on the immediately preceding trading date), on the composite tape or other comparable reporting system; or (ii) if the Common Stock is

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not listed on a national securities exchange and such price is not regularly reported, the mean between the bid and asked prices per share of the Common Stock at the close of trading in the over-the-counter market.

8. Exercise of Option. Unless a participant withdraws from the Plan as provided in Paragraph 10, his or her option for the purchase of shares will be exercised automatically on the Exercise Date of the Offering Period, and the maximum number of full shares subject to the option will be purchased for him or her at the applicable Exercise Price with the accumulated Contributions in his or her account. If a fractional number of shares results, then such number shall be rounded down to the next whole number and any unapplied cash shall be carried forward to the next Exercise Date, unless the participant requests a cash payment. The shares purchased upon exercise of an option hereunder shall be deemed to be transferred to the participant on the Exercise Date. During a participant’s lifetime, a participant’s option to purchase shares hereunder is exercisable only by him or her.

9. Delivery. Upon the written request of a participant, certificates representing the shares purchased upon exercise of an option will be issued as promptly as practicable after the Exercise Date of each Offering Period to participants who wish to hold their shares in certificate form, except that the Board may determine that such shares shall be held for each participant’s benefit by a broker designated by the Board. Any payroll deductions accumulated in a participant’s account which are not sufficient to purchase a full Share shall be retained in the participant’s account for the subsequent Offering Period, subject to earlier withdrawal by the participant as provided in Paragraph 10 below. Any other amounts left over in a participant’s account after an Exercise Date shall be returned to the participant.

10. Withdrawal; Termination of Employment.

(a) A participant may withdraw all but not less than all the Contributions credited to his or her account under the Plan at any time prior to the Exercise Date of the Offering Period by giving written notice to the Company or its designee. All of the participant’s Contributions credited to his or her account will be paid to him or her promptly after receipt of his or her notice of withdrawal and his or her option for the current period will be automatically terminated, and no further Contributions for the purchase of shares will be made during the Offering Period.

(b) Upon termination of the participant’s Continuous Status as an Employee prior to the Exercise Date of the Offering Period for any reason, including retirement or death, the Contributions credited to his or her account will be returned to him or her or, in the case of his or her death, to the person or persons entitled thereto under Paragraph 14, and his or her option will be automatically terminated.

(c) In the event an Employee fails to remain in Continuous Status as an Employee for at least 20 hours per week during the Offering Period in which the Employee is a participant, he or she will be deemed to have elected to withdraw from the Plan and the Contributions credited to his or her account will be returned to him or her and his or her option terminated.

(d) A participant’s withdrawal from an Offering Period will not have any effect upon his or her eligibility to participate in a succeeding offering or in any similar plan which may hereafter be adopted by the Company.

11. Interest. No interest shall accrue on the Contributions of a participant in the Plan.

12. Stock.

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(a) The maximum number of shares of Common Stock which shall be made available for sale under the Plan shall be 500,000 shares subject to adjustment upon changes in capitalization of the Company as provided in Paragraph 18. If the total number of shares which would otherwise be subject to options granted pursuant to Paragraph 7(a) on the Offering Date of an Offering Period exceeds the number of shares then available under the Plan (after deduction of all shares for which options have been exercised), the Company shall make a pro rata allocation of the shares remaining available for option grants in as uniform a manner as shall be practicable and as it shall determine to be equitable. Any amounts remaining in an Employee’s account not applied to the purchase of shares pursuant to this Paragraph 12 shall be refunded on or promptly after the Exercise Date. In such event, the Company shall give written notice of such reduction of the number of shares subject to the option to each Employee affected thereby and shall similarly reduce the rate of Contributions, if necessary.

(b) The participant will have no interest or voting right in shares covered by his or her option until such option has been exercised.

13. Administration. The Board shall supervise and administer the Plan and shall have full power to adopt, amend and rescind any rules deemed desirable and appropriate for the administration of the Plan and not inconsistent with the Plan, to construe and interpret the Plan, to correct any defect or supply any omission or reconcile any inconsistency or ambiguity in the Plan, and to make all other determinations necessary or advisable for the administration of the Plan, including, without limitation, adopting sub-plans applicable to particular Designated Subsidiaries or locations, which sub-plans may be designed to be outside the scope of Section 423 of the Code.

14. Designation of Beneficiary.

(a) A participant may designate a beneficiary who is to receive any shares and cash, if any, from the participant’s account under the Plan in the event of such participant’s death subsequent to the end of the Offering Period but prior to delivery to him or her of such shares and cash. In addition, a participant may designate a beneficiary who is to receive any cash from the participant’s account under the Plan in the event of such participant’s death prior to the Exercise Date of the Offering Period. If a participant is married and the designated beneficiary is not the spouse, spousal consent shall be required for such designation to be effective. Beneficiary designations shall be made either in writing or by electronic delivery as directed by the Company.

(b) Such designation of beneficiary may be changed by the participant (and his or her spouse, if any) at any time by submission of the required notice, which may be electronic. In the event of the death of a participant and in the absence of a beneficiary validly designated under the Plan who is living at the time of such participant’s death, the Company shall deliver such shares and/or cash to the executor or administrator of the estate of the participant, or if no such executor or administrator has been appointed (to the knowledge of the Company), the Company, in its discretion, may deliver such shares and/or cash to the spouse or to any one or more dependents or relatives of the participant, or if no spouse, dependent or relative is known to the Company, then to such other person as the Company may designate.

15. Transferability. Neither Contributions credited to a participant’s account nor any rights with regard to the exercise of an option or to receive shares under the Plan may be assigned, transferred, pledged or otherwise disposed of in any way (other than by will, the laws of descent and distribution or as provided in Paragraph 14) by the participant. Any such attempt at assignment, transfer, pledge or other

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disposition shall be without effect, except that the Company may treat such act as an election to withdraw funds in accordance with Paragraph 10.

16. Use of Funds. All Contributions received or held by the Company under the Plan may be used by the Company for any corporate purpose, and the Company shall not be obligated to segregate such Contributions.

17. Reports. Individual accounts will be maintained for each participant in the Plan. Statements of account will be given to participating Employees promptly following the Exercise Date, which statements will set forth the amounts of Contributions, the per share purchase price, the number of shares purchased and the remaining cash balance, if any.

18. Adjustments Upon Changes in Capitalization. Subject to any required action by the stockholders of the Company, the number of shares of Common Stock covered by unexercised options under the Plan and the number of shares of Common Stock which have been authorized for issuance under the Plan but are not yet subject to options under Paragraph 12(a) (collectively, the “Reserves”), the maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be purchased by a participant in an Offering Period set forth in Paragraph 3(b), as well as the price per share of Common Stock covered by each unexercised option under the Plan, shall be proportionately adjusted for any increase or decrease in the number of issued shares of Common Stock resulting from a stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, combination or reclassification of the Common Stock. Such adjustment shall be made by the Board, whose determination in that respect shall be final, binding and conclusive.

In the event of the proposed dissolution or liquidation of the Company, an Offering Period then in progress will terminate immediately prior to the consummation of such proposed action, unless otherwise provided by the Board. In the event of a proposed sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or the merger, consolidation or other capital reorganization of the Company with or into another corporation, each option outstanding under the Plan shall be assumed or an equivalent option shall be substituted by such successor corporation or a parent or subsidiary of such successor corporation, unless the Board determines, in the exercise of its sole discretion and in lieu of such assumption or substitution, to shorten the Offering Period then in progress by setting a new Exercise Date (the “New Exercise Date”). If the Board shortens the Offering Period then in progress in lieu of assumption or substitution in the event of a merger or sale of assets, the Board shall notify each participant in writing, at least ten days prior to the New Exercise Date, that the Exercise Date for his or her option has been changed to the New Exercise Date and that his or her option will be exercised automatically on the New Exercise Date, unless prior to such date he or she has withdrawn from the Offering Period as provided in Paragraph 10. For purposes of this Paragraph, an option granted under the Plan shall be deemed to be assumed if, following the sale of assets, merger or other reorganization, the option confers the right to purchase, for each share of Common Stock subject to the option immediately prior to the sale of assets, merger or other reorganization, the consideration (whether stock, cash or other securities or property) received in the sale of assets, merger or other reorganization by holders of Common Stock for each share of Common Stock held on the effective date of such transaction (and if such holders were offered a choice of consideration, the type of consideration chosen by the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Common Stock); provided, however, that if such consideration received in such transaction was not solely common stock of the successor corporation or its parent (as defined in Section 424(e) of the Code), the Board may, with the consent of the successor corporation, provide for the consideration to be received upon exercise of the option to be solely common stock of the successor corporation or its parent equal in fair market value to the per share consideration received by holders of Common Stock in the sale of assets, merger or other reorganization.

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The Board may, if it so determines in the exercise of its sole discretion, also make provision for adjusting the Reserves, as well as the price per share of Common Stock covered by each outstanding option, in the event that the Company effects one or more reorganizations, recapitalizations, rights offerings or other increases or reductions of shares of its outstanding Common Stock, and in the event of the Company being consolidated with or merged into any other corporation.

19. Amendment or Termination.

(a) The Board may at any time terminate or amend the Plan. Except as provided in Paragraph 18, no such termination may affect options previously granted, nor may an amendment make any change in any option theretofore granted which adversely affects the rights of any participant provided that an Offering Period may be terminated by the Board on an Exercise Date or by the Board’s setting a new Exercise Date with respect to an Offering Period then in progress if the Board determines that termination of the Offering Period is in the best interests of the Company and the stockholders or if continuation of the Offering Period would cause the Company to incur adverse accounting charges in the generally-accepted accounting rules applicable to the Plan. In addition, to the extent necessary to comply with Section 423 of the Code (or any successor rule or provision or any applicable law or regulation), the Company shall obtain stockholder approval in such a manner and to such a degree as so required.

(b) Without stockholder consent and without regard to whether any participant rights may be considered to have been adversely affected, the Board shall be entitled to change the Offering Periods, limit the frequency and/or number of changes in the amount withheld during an Offering Period, establish the exchange ratio applicable to amounts withheld in a currency other than U.S. dollars, permit payroll withholding in excess of the amount designated by a participant in order to adjust for delays or mistakes in the Company’s processing of properly completed withholding elections, establish reasonable waiting and adjustment periods and/or accounting and crediting procedures to ensure that amounts applied toward the purchase of Common Stock for each participant properly correspond with amounts withheld from the participant’s Compensation, and establish such other limitations or procedures as the Board determines in its sole discretion advisable that are consistent with the Plan.

20. Notices. All notices or other communications by a participant to the Company under or in connection with the Plan shall be deemed to have been duly given when received in the form specified by the Company at the location, or by the person, designated by the Company for the receipt thereof.

21. Conditions Upon Issuance of Shares. Shares shall not be issued with respect to an option unless the exercise of such option and the issuance and delivery of such shares pursuant thereto shall comply with all applicable provisions of law, domestic or foreign, including, without limitation, the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and the requirements of any stock exchange upon which the shares may then be listed, and shall be further subject to the approval of counsel for the Company with respect to such compliance.

As a condition to the exercise of an option, the Company may require the person exercising such option to represent and warrant at the time of any such exercise that the shares are being purchased only for investment and without any present intention to sell or distribute such shares if, in the opinion of counsel for the Company, such a representation is required by any of the aforementioned applicable provisions of law.

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22. Information Regarding Disqualifying Dispositions. By electing to participate in the Plan, each participant agrees to provide any information about any transfer of shares of Common Stock acquired under the Plan that occurs within two years after the first business day of the Offering Period in which such shares were acquired as may be requested by the Company or any Subsidiaries in order to assist it in complying with the tax laws.

23. Right to Terminate Employment. Nothing in the Plan or in any agreement entered into pursuant to the Plan shall confer upon any Employee the right to continue in the employment of the Company or any Subsidiary, or affect any right which the Company or any Subsidiary may have to terminate the employment of such Employee.

24. Rights as a Stockholder. Neither the granting of an option nor a deduction from payroll shall constitute an Employee the owner of shares covered by an option. No Employee shall have any right as a stockholder unless and until an option has been exercised, and the shares underlying the option have been registered in the Company’s share register.

25. Term of Plan. The Plan became effective upon its adoption by the Board on June 7, 2018 and shall continue in effect through May 31, 2028, unless sooner terminated under Paragraph 19.

26. Applicable Law. This Plan shall be governed in accordance with the laws of the State of Nevada, applied without giving effect to any conflict-of-law principles.

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